A 2 $\mu\hbox{W}$ 100 nV/rtHz Chopper-Stabilized Instrumentation Amplifier for Chronic Measurement of Neural Field Potentials

Denison, Timothy; Consoer, K.; Santa, W.; Avestruz, Al-Thaddeus; Cooley, John J.; Kelly, Andy

doi:10.1109/jssc.2007.908664

Cited by 384 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The proposed topology achieves better power efficiency (NEF) than the resistive feedback topology in [5] thanks to the current reuse, the optimization of the input resistance for minimum power consumption, and the signal dependent current biasing. Even compared to capacitive feedback amplifiers without current reuse technique [7][8], the NEF of this amplifier is better.…”

Section: B Benchmarking and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Noise Reconfigurable Current-Reuse Resistive Feedback Amplifier with Signal Dependent Power Consumption for Fetal ECG Monitoring

et al. 2016

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• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Song, S., Rooijakkers, M. J., Harpe, P., Rabotti, C., Mischi, M., Van Roermund, A. H. M., & Cantatore, E. (2016). A noise reconfigurable current-reuse resistive feedback amplifier with signal-dependent power consumption for fetal ECG monitoring. IEEE Sensors Journal, 16(23),[8304][8305][8306][8307][8308][8309][8310][8311][8312][8313]. DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2016 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Abstract-This paper presents a noise-reconfigurable resistive feedback amplifier with current-reuse technique for fetal ECG monitoring. The proposed amplifier allows for both tuning of the noise level and changing the power consumption according to the signal properties, minimizing the total power consumption while satisfying all application requirements. The amplifier together with its amplitude detector and dynamical biasing circuit are implemented in a standard 0.18µm CMOS process. Measurements demonstrate that the proposed current-reuse resistive feedback topology improves the power efficiency of the conventional resistive feedback amplifier, achieving at the same time a good noise efficiency factor (NEF=2.8) and an input impedance of 20MOhm. The amplitude detector and dynamical biasing circuit, which tunes the current in the amplifier according to the signal amplitude, save up to 40% of the total power consumption. The amplifier achieves a measured noise level of 0.34µVrms in a 0.6 to 175Hz band, consuming 6.3µW power.

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Section: B Benchmarking and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impedance boosting loop DC-servo loop 1), where Camp is the input parasitic capacitance of the core amplifier [7]:…”

Section: A Resistive Feedback Vs Capacitive Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Noise Reconfigurable Current-Reuse Resistive Feedback Amplifier with Signal Dependent Power Consumption for Fetal ECG Monitoring

et al. 2016

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“…A remaining challenge of a capacitively coupled amplifier is its parameter tradeoff between input impedance and noise [35], both are related to the input coupling capacitor C1.…”

Section: B Inverting Amplifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A DC-coupled amplifier can be realized with many different architectures, e.g. current balancing amplifiers [43][44], current feedback amplifiers [45][46], three-opamp amplifiers [47], and capacitively coupled chopper amplifiers [35] [48]. In case DC measurement is not mandatory, a DC-coupled amplifier can be easily converted into an AC-coupled amplifier by adding a DC servo loop (DSL) (see section V.C).…”

Section: Dc-coupled Amplifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Electrodes for Wearable EEG Acquisition: Review and Electronics Design Methodology

Mitra

Hoof

et al. 2017

IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng.

139

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Abstract-Active Electrodes (AE), i.e. electrodes with built-in readout circuitry, are increasingly being implemented in wearable healthcare and lifestyle applications due to AE's robustness to environmental interference. An AE locally amplifies and buffers µV-level EEG signals before driving any cabling. The low output impedance of an AE mitigates cable motion artifacts thus enabling the use of high-impedance dry electrodes for greater user comfort. However, developing a wearable EEG system, with medical grade signal quality on noise, electrode offset tolerance, common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), input impedance and power dissipation, remains a challenging task. This paper reviews state-of-the-art bio-amplifier architectures and low-power analog circuits design techniques intended for wearable EEG acquisition, with a special focus on AE system interfaced with dry electrodes. Index Terms-Active electrode, instrumentation amplifier (IA), electroencephalography (EEG), dry electrodes, common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR), brain-computer interface (BCI)I. INTRODUCTION ecent advances in biomedical technologies, integrated circuits (ICs), sensors and data analysis techniques have accelerated the development of wearable technology for Telehealth applications. Today, miniature and low-power medical sensors can be easily integrated into various accessories that continuously sense, process and transfer people's physiological information during their daily life activities. By reducing the need for manual intervention and by lowering the cost, these medical devices are being widely used in personal healthcare and home diagnostics, such as wellness and health monitoring, home rehabilitation, and the early detection of brain disordersElectroencephalography (EEG)

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“…10 (input pair not shown). Current sources and , carrying a current , represent the upper PMOS current sources, and the chopper demodulator is located at the sources of the cascode transistors [15], [16]. In the presence of an offset between the NMOS cascode transistors, a net DC voltage is established at the sources of the cascode transistors and across the chopper.…”

Section: Circuit Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A temperature-to-digital converter based on an optimized electrothermal filter

Kashmiri

Xia

Makinwa

2008

ESSCIRC 2008 - 34th European Solid-State Circuits Conference

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Abstract-This paper describes the design of a CMOS temperature-to-digital converter (TDC). It operates by measuring the temperature-dependent phase shift of an electrothermal filter (ETF). Compared to previous work, this TDC employs an ETF whose layout has been optimized to minimize the thermal phase spread caused by lithographic inaccuracy. To minimize electrical phase spread, the TDC's front-end consists of a wide bandwidth gain-boosted transconductor. The transconductor's output current is then digitized by a phase-domain 61 modulator whose phase-summing node is realized by a chopper demodulator. To minimize the residual offset caused by the demodulator's switching action, the demodulator is located at the virtual ground nodes established by the transconductor's gain-boosting amplifiers. Measurements on 16 samples (within one batch) show that the TDC has an untrimmed inaccuracy of less than 0.7 C (3 ) over the military range ( 55 C to 125 C).

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A 2 $\mu\hbox{W}$ 100 nV/rtHz Chopper-Stabilized Instrumentation Amplifier for Chronic Measurement of Neural Field Potentials

Cited by 384 publications

References 23 publications

A Noise Reconfigurable Current-Reuse Resistive Feedback Amplifier with Signal Dependent Power Consumption for Fetal ECG Monitoring

A Noise Reconfigurable Current-Reuse Resistive Feedback Amplifier with Signal Dependent Power Consumption for Fetal ECG Monitoring

Active Electrodes for Wearable EEG Acquisition: Review and Electronics Design Methodology

A temperature-to-digital converter based on an optimized electrothermal filter

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