A 200-Mb/s Energy Efficient Transcranial Transmitter Using Inductive Coupling

Wen, Li; Duan, Yitao; Rabaey, Jan M.

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2018.2889802

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The proposed GC-BCC demonstrates a data rate up to 250 Mbps with a small electronic area of 26 mm 2 , while most state-of-the-art GC-BCC communication [34], [35], [49] has limited bandwidth up to 10's MHz. Inductive coupled communication can achieve a higher data rate with a "de-Q" technique [23], but it suffers from high path loss and still requires a relatively large coil area. IR-UWB transmitters also require a large antenna to match the wavelength of the transmitted signals, which is difficult to reduce the area below 100 mm 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galvanic-Coupled Trans-Dural Data Transfer for High-Bandwidth Intracortical Neural Sensing

Shi

Song

Gao

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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A digital-impulse galvanic coupling as a new high-speed trans-dural (from cortex to the skull) data transmission method has been presented in this paper. The proposed wireless telemetry replaces the tethered wires connected in between implants on the cortex and above the skull, allowing the brain implant to be "free-floating" for minimizing brain tissue damage. Such trans-dural wireless telemetry must have a wide channel bandwidth for high-speed data transfer and a small form factor for minimum invasiveness. To investigate the propagation property of the channel, a finite element model is developed and a channel characterization based on a liquid phantom and porcine tissue is performed. The results show that the trans-dural channel has a wide frequency response of up to 250 MHz. Propagation loss due to micro-motion and misalignments is also investigated in this work. The result indicates that the proposed transmission method is relatively insensitive to misalignment. It has approximately 1 dB extra loss when there is a horizontal misalignment of 1mm. A pulse-based transmitter ASIC and a miniature PCB module are designed and validated ex-vivo with a 10-mm thick porcine tissue. This work demonstrates a high-speed and miniature in-body galvanic-coupled pulse-based communication with a data rate up to 250 Mbps with an energy efficiency of 2 pJ/bit, and has a small module area of only 26 mm 2 .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galvanic-Coupled Trans-Dural Data Transfer for High-Bandwidth Intracortical Neural Sensing

Shi

Song

Gao

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…However, their demodulation circuits are often complex and power-hungry. Some new modulation methods are proposed such as pulse harmonic modulation (PHM) and Return-to-Zero modulation [20]. Although they support high DR (up to 200 Mb/s), they do not support simultaneous power transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous High-Efficiency Power Delivery and Energy-Efficient Forward Data Transmission Over Single Inductive Link

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a system for simultaneous wireless power and data transfer (SWPDT) over a single inductive link. We design the frequency-splitting inductive link to address the trade-off between high power transfer efficiency (PTE) and high data rate (DR). An active rectifier is designed for high power conversion efficiency. Forward data communication is based on frequency-shift keying (FSK) modulation to support high DR transmission while delivering uninterrupted power. Moreover, we proposed low-power FSK demodulation circuits to further improve the energy efficiency of the data demodulation. The system is implemented with 180nm CMOS process and occupies an area of 0.836mm 2 . The post-layout simulation results show that the overall PTE (including the resonant tanks and the active rectifier) of the SWPDT system can be up to 76.5% while delivering 40mW power to the load. Meanwhile, a data rate of 1.11Mbps can be achieved. The power consumption for data demodulation is 69.1µW, showing an energy efficiency of 62.2pJ/bit. The proposed SWPDT system based on a single inductive link shows potential for implantable biomedical applications.INDEX TERMS Simultaneous wireless power and data transfer (SWPDT), frequency splitting, energy efficient, active rectifier, injection lock, shifted limiter.

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“…To support deep implant communication using UWB at GHz frequencies, the transmitter power should be increased dramatically because of the high signal attenuation in biological tissues in GHz band. In [7], an inductive coupling based transceiver for neural implants has been proposed. The final on-chip prototype has been tested on an animal skull and has achieved a 200 Mb/s data rate for the implant depth of 11.8 mm with 300 µW total power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galvanic Impulse Wireless Communication for Biomedical Implants

2021

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Wireless intra-body communication is a promising approach for providing efficient and secure connectivity for medical implants. The low power consumption of the electronics and the conductivity of the biological tissues facilitate the system implementation, which makes the technique more powerefficient than the traditional radio frequency wireless systems. The galvanic intra-body communication uses the electrical current for signal transmission in the conductive medium of the biological tissues. In this paper, we propose an ultra-low-power communication approach by implementing a galvanic impulse method for communication between an implant and an on-body device. The communication system is designed, manufactured with off-the-shelf electronic components, and measured in the phantom and in-vivo animal experiment. The implant power consumption is 45 µW for the data rate of 64 kbps with a bit error percentage below 0.5% for the implant depth of 14 cm. The design supports long-lasting battery-powered implant sensory and communication system. INDEX TERMS Galvanic coupling, intra-body communication, biomedical implants, biomedical electronics, ultra-wideband.

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A 200-Mb/s Energy Efficient Transcranial Transmitter Using Inductive Coupling

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Galvanic-Coupled Trans-Dural Data Transfer for High-Bandwidth Intracortical Neural Sensing

Galvanic-Coupled Trans-Dural Data Transfer for High-Bandwidth Intracortical Neural Sensing

Simultaneous High-Efficiency Power Delivery and Energy-Efficient Forward Data Transmission Over Single Inductive Link

Galvanic Impulse Wireless Communication for Biomedical Implants

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