A 22 kW on-board charger for automotive applications based on a modular design

Schmenger, Jens; Endres, Stefan; Zeltner, Stefan; März, Martin

doi:10.1109/cencon.2014.6967467

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Therefore, the symmetrical phaseshifted DAB [109] or CLLC resonant converters [110]- [112] are more suitable for bidirectional DC/DC converters. Moreover, single-phase parallel dual DAB topologies [113], [114] and three-phase CLLC topologies [115], [116] have been studied. In the following paragraphs, the most popular and promising bidirectional DC/DC converters are presented.…”

Section: B Dc/dc Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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The fast development of electric vehicles (EVs) provides significant opportunities to further utilize clean energies in the automotive. On-board chargers (OBCs) are widely used in EVs because of their simple installation and low cost. Limited space in the vehicle and short charging time require an OBC to be power-dense and highly efficient. Moreover, the possibility for EVs to deliver power back to the grid has increased the interest in bidirectional power flow solutions in the automotive market. This paper presents a comprehensive overview and investigation on the state-of-the-art solutions of bidirectional OBCs. It reviews the current status, including architectures and configurations, smart operation modes, industry standards, major components, and commercially available products. A detailed overview of the promising topologies for bidirectional OBCs, including two-stage and single-stage structures, is provided. Future trends and challenges for topologies, wide bandgap technologies, thermal management, system integration, and wireless charging systems are also discussed in this paper.

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Section: B Dc/dc Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

et al. 2021

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“…The topologies used for the chargers are mainly based on the work of [67,68]. Therefore, the main reasons are the possibility of modular connection and the well-documented use of components used.…”

Section: Goal and Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The components used for the chargers are based on [68,69]. Components for which no sufficient data are available are replaced by appropriate components for which the corresponding data are accessible.…”

Section: Production Of Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Impacts of Charging Concepts for Battery Electric Vehicles: A Comparison of On-Board and Off-Board Charging Systems Based on a Life Cycle Assessment

et al. 2020

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We investigate the environmental impacts of on-board (based on alternating current, AC) and off-board (based on direct current, DC) charging concepts for electric vehicles using Life Cycle Assessment and considering a maximum charging power of 22 kW (AC) and 50 kW (DC). Our results show that the manufacturing of chargers provokes the highest contribution to environmental impacts of the production phase. Within the chargers, the filters could be identified as main polluters for all power levels. When comparing the results on a system level, the DC system causes less environmental impact than the AC system in all impact categories. In our diffusion scenarios for electric vehicles, annual emission reductions of up to 35 million kg CO2-eq. could be achieved when the DC system is used instead of the AC system. In addition to the environmental assessment, we examine economic effects. Here, we find annual savings of up to 8.5 million euros, when the DC system is used instead of the AC system.

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“…A straightforward realization can be achieved with three individual 1-phase PFC ac/dc converter modules, as described, e.g., in [4][5][6][7], which requires three individual isolated dc/dc converters. Alternatively, according to Figure 1a, the front-end of an EV charger (which comprises an ac/dc converter and a dc/dc converter with galvanic isolation [8]) can be realized with a conventional 3-phase boost-type PFC rectifier that readily enables 1phase operation, cf.…”

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confidence: 99%

New EV Battery Charger PFC Rectifier Front-End Allowing Full Power Delivery in 3-Phase and 1-Phase Operation

et al. 2021

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A new universal front-end PFC rectifier topology of a battery charger for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is proposed, which allows fast charging at rated and/or full power level in case of 3-phase (Europe) as well as 1-phase (USA) mains supply. In this regard, a conventional 3-phase PFC rectifier would facilitate only one-third of the rated power in case of 1-phase operation. The new topology is based on a two-level six-switch (2LB6) 3-phase boost-type PFC rectifier, which is extended with a diode bridge-leg and additional windings of the Common-Mode (CM) chokes of the EMI filter. Besides this extension of the power circuit, the general design of the new converter is explained, and the generated Differential Mode (DM) and Common Mode (CM) EMI disturbances are investigated for 3-phase and 1-phase operation, resulting in guidelines for the EMI filter design. The EMI performance (CISPR 11 class-B QP) is experimentally verified for 1-phase and 3-phase operation at an output power of 4.5 kW, using a full-scale hardware prototype that implements the proposed extensions for a 2LB6 3-phase boost-type PFC rectifier and that is designed for output power levels of 22 kW and 19 kW in case of 3-phase and 1-phase operation, respectively. Compared to a conventional 2LB6 PFC rectifier, the volume of the extended system increases from 2.7 dm3 to 3.4 dm3, of which 0.5 dm3 is due to the additional dc-link capacitance for buffering the power pulsation with twice the mains frequency occurring for 1-phase operation.

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A 22 kW on-board charger for automotive applications based on a modular design

Cited by 34 publications

References 17 publications

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

A Review of Bidirectional On-Board Chargers for Electric Vehicles

Environmental Impacts of Charging Concepts for Battery Electric Vehicles: A Comparison of On-Board and Off-Board Charging Systems Based on a Life Cycle Assessment

New EV Battery Charger PFC Rectifier Front-End Allowing Full Power Delivery in 3-Phase and 1-Phase Operation

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