A 28–30 GHz CMOS Reflection-Type Phase Shifter With Full 360° Phase Shift Range

Basaligheh, Ali; Saffari, Parvaneh; Boroujeni, Soroush Rasti; Filanovsky, I.M.; Moez, Kambiz

doi:10.1109/tcsii.2020.2965395

Cited by 47 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Besides that, the proposed architecture could be integrated on the PCB board which enables it to be assembled with the antenna platform. In addition, the insertion loss variation with the phase shift is much smaller than the RTPS [9], and the accessible phase resolution is much higher than the STPS [11]. The other parameters of the phase shifter reported in Table 3 are either better than or on par with that of previously reported works.…”

Section: Lc-based Phased Array Design and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The RTPS is based on a 90 • hybrid coupler connected to a load, like a varactor diode, which is varying continuously to create the phase shift. In [9], a new switched inductor load structure is proposed to have a simple and low power control voltage block in the RTPS with an average insertion loss of 9.5 dB at 29 GHz. RTPS can achieve high resolution; however, varactor quality factor, Q, and loss vary across capacitance settings, leading to insertion loss variation with the phase shift.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sub-6 GHz High FOM Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter for Phased Array Antenna

et al. 2022

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This paper presents a novel structure based on liquid crystal (LC) technology to achieve a high figure of merit (F OM) phase shifter that works at sub-6 GHz frequencies. The phase-shifting mechanism is enabled through the phase constant variation in the main microstrip line, which is loaded periodically by a variable equivalent capacitance controlled by a bias voltage. Furthermore, a systematic approach based on a transmission line circuit model and the periodic structure theory is developed as a fast method for design optimization by using the ADS and HF SS software. The fabricated phase shifter achieves a maximum insertion loss of 4.35 dB and a maximum phase-shift of 461 • at 4 GHz, which indicates an F OM equal to 105.9 • /dB. Moreover, the phase shifter return loss is better than -10 dB from 3.7 GHz to 4.2 GHz, covering the sub-6 GHz 5 G band. To validate the performance of the proposed phase shifter, a 1-D electronically steered phased array is designed, fabricated and tested by using a 4 ×4 aperture-coupled patch antenna array, excited by a continuous RF phase-shifting mechanism. The patch antenna array, as a 4-port radiation component, is designed with HF SS full simulation, and achieved a fractional bandwidth of 30% at 4 GHz. The phased array prototype exhibits a continuous beam scanning over the elevation range of 0 • to 20 • . According to the achieved F OM, and an integrable structure with the printed circuit board (PCB), the proposed low-cost and low power phase shifter is a good candidate for 5G application.INDEX TERMS Phased array, phase shifter, liquid crystal (LC), patch antenna array, beam steering, beamforming.This article has been accepted for inclusion in a future issue of this journal. Content is final as presented, with the exception of pagination.

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Section: Lc-based Phased Array Design and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-6 GHz High FOM Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter for Phased Array Antenna

et al. 2022

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“…Table I lists the summarized performance of reported reflection-type phase shifter chip. The state-of-the-art works in [8], [17]- [22], and [23] are implemented in millimeter wave frequencies, which occupy small chip areas due to shorter wavelengths. The work in [16] also adopts a lumpelement coupler with two inductors and only occupies 0.72 mm 2 to realize the reflection-type phase shifter.…”

Section: Measurement Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the viewpoint of phase shift, the several reported types of RF-path phase shifter include loaded-line [7], reflection-type [8], switched-type [9], and vector-modulator [10] topologies. The RTPS allows a continuous phase variation with the characteristics of high linearity, bidirectional operation, and zero power consumption compared with the other types of phase shifters [8], [11]- [13]. The primary aims for the RTPS design are to increase the phase tuning range and reduce the insertion loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflection-Type Phase Shifter Integrated With Tunable Power Attenuation Mechanism for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications

et al. 2022

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An integrated configuration of the reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) and attenuator with simultaneous phase and amplitude control is presented for a phased-array front-end beamforming. The phase shift function of the RTPS adopts a quadrature coupler with high/low pass lumped elements and the corresponding π-type C-L-C loads. An RF tuner is subsequently incorporated into the 90° coupler to provide an energy reduction path and applied at the intermediate inductor of the coupler, thereby enabling a tunable transmission power. The merged coupler/RF-tuner realizes a matched and symmetrical structure with less impact on the load impedance variation, which can be regarded as part of the RTPS that performs RF signal degradation and maintains phase shift tuning. Furthermore, the π-type attenuator is incorporated into the RTPS to obtain an adequate power control range for the side-lobe suppression of the beamforming network. The simulated and measured results demonstrate the feasibility and suitability of the network for the proposed merged configuration applied to the phased-array system.INDEX TERMS Beamforming, phase-array antenna, phase shifter, power control, reflection type, sub-6 GHz.

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“…There are many types of phase shifters, mainly categorized as active and passive. The active ones use vector-modulator based structures [1], [2], whereas the passive ones utilize reflective loads [3]- [5], switched-line [6], [7] or switched-filter structures [8]- [11]. The passive phase shifters typically require a stage for each bit, which means a larger area and higher signal loss, while the active phase shifters require additional dc power which in turn worsens the power efficiency of the overall system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 28-GHz Switched-Filter Phase Shifter with Fine Phase-Tuning Capability Using Back-Gate Biasing in 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS

Kobal

Siriburanon

Staszewski

et al. 2021

ESSCIRC 2021 - IEEE 47th European Solid State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC)

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This paper introduces a phase shifter based on switched filters for mm-wave 5G MIMO transmitters. It is realized in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS and exploits the use of back-gate biasing. The new approach features strong tolerance to process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations and thus can maintain low phase error with fine phase tuning capability supporting a large bandwidth. Measurement results show that the 4-bit phase shifter achieves 3.5 • rms phase error at 28 GHz. The proposed phase shifter can maintain <5 • of the worst-case rms phase error when operating across 24 to 29.5 GHz resulting in 20.56% fractional bandwidth which is the largest among the published switched-filter phase shifters to date.

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A 28–30 GHz CMOS Reflection-Type Phase Shifter With Full 360° Phase Shift Range

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Sub-6 GHz High FOM Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter for Phased Array Antenna

Sub-6 GHz High FOM Liquid Crystal Phase Shifter for Phased Array Antenna

Reflection-Type Phase Shifter Integrated With Tunable Power Attenuation Mechanism for Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications

A 28-GHz Switched-Filter Phase Shifter with Fine Phase-Tuning Capability Using Back-Gate Biasing in 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS

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