A 2D Barcode-Based Mobile Payment System

Gao, Jerry; Kulkarni, Vaishali; Ranavat, Himanshu; Chang, Lee; Mei, Hsing

doi:10.1109/mue.2009.62

Cited by 55 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Gao, Kulkarni, Ranavat, Chang and Mei [21] proposed a 2D barcode-based mobile payment system, which uses QR codes to conduct secure and reliable payment transactions using mobile devices. While this solution secures QR codebased transactions it doesnt audit the integrity of the initial QR code the user scans.…”

Section: Related Work-security Of Qr Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick Response Code Secure: A Cryptographically Secure Anti-Phishing Tool for QR Code Attacks

Mavroeidis

Nicho

2017

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Section: Related Work-security Of Qr Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick Response Code Secure: A Cryptographically Secure Anti-Phishing Tool for QR Code Attacks

Mavroeidis

Nicho

2017

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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“…QR codes are also used to process mobile payments and provide opportunities to purchase a product or a service by solely scanning a QR code. This is referred to as "one-click" payment [30], [26], [20]. After scanning the respective QR code, the user is redirected to an intermediate payment agent or the company's web page.…”

Section: Uses Of Qr Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

QR Code Security: A Survey of Attacks and Challenges for Usable Security

Krombholz

Frühwirt

Kieseberg

et al. 2014

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. QR (Quick Response) codes are two-dimensional barcodes with the ability to encode different types of information. Because of their high information density and robustness, QR codes have gained popularity in various fields of application. Even though they offer a broad range of advantages, QR codes pose significant security risks. Attackers can encode malicious links that lead e.g. to phishing sites. Such malicious QR codes can be printed on small stickers and replace benign ones on billboard advertisements. Although many real world examples of QR code based attacks have been reported in the media, only little research has been conducted in this field and almost no attention has been paid on the interplay of security and human-computer interaction. In this work, we describe the manifold use cases of QR codes. Furthermore, we analyze the most significant attack scenarios with respect to the specific use cases. Additionally, we systemize the research that has already been conducted and identified usable security and security awareness as the main research challenges. Finally we propose design requirements with respect to the QR code itself, the reader application and usability aspects in order to support further research into to making QR code processing both secure and usable.

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“…Each set contained 24 barcode symbols with data obtained from an input file. The RS encoder used a (255, 211) code, while the LDPC encoder used a (6,5) code. In this test, symbols were not subjected to physical damage in order to assess performance against errors caused by deviceoriented factors only.…”

Section: Test 2: Performance Of Rs Codes and Ldpc Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the symbology's robustness against burst errors, 15 sets of symbols with different symbology parameters listed in Table 5 were printed. Interleave levels were varied to lvl = 1 (no interleaving), lvl = 3 and lvl = 5, while the dimension parameter was kept constant.…”

Section: Test 3: Performance Of Interleavingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a printed barcode survives for a long time (possibly decades), even if no additional costs are paid for maintenance and conservation. Because of these favorable properties, 2D barcodes are used in many applications where data sources are decentralized, such as health care [15], government [3], e-commerce [5] and other data management systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Error Control for High-density Monochrome Two-dimensional Barcodes

Mejia

Kaji

Seki

2012

IPSJ Online Transactions

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Monochrome two-dimensional barcodes are rapidly becoming a de-facto standard for distributing digital data through printed medium because of their small cost and portability. Increasing the data density of these barcodes improves the flexibility and effectiveness of existing applications of barcodes, and has the potential to create novel means for data transmission and conservation. However, printing and scanning equipment introduce uncontrollable effects on image at very refined level, and the effects are beyond the scope of the error control mechanisms of existing barcode schemes. To realize high-density barcodes, it is essential to develop novel symbology and error control mechanisms which can manage these kinds of effects and provide practical reliability. To tackle this problem, this paper studies the communication channel defined by high-density barcodes, and proposes several error control techniques to increase the robustness of the barcode scheme. Some of these techniques convert the peculiar behavior of printing equipment to the well-studied model of additive white Gaussian (AWGN) channel. The use of low-density parity codes is also investigated, as they perform much better than conventional Reed-Solomon codes especially for AWGN channels. Through experimental evaluation, it is shown that the proposed error control techniques can be essential components in realizing high-density barcodes.

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A 2D Barcode-Based Mobile Payment System

Cited by 55 publications

References 12 publications

Quick Response Code Secure: A Cryptographically Secure Anti-Phishing Tool for QR Code Attacks

Quick Response Code Secure: A Cryptographically Secure Anti-Phishing Tool for QR Code Attacks

QR Code Security: A Survey of Attacks and Challenges for Usable Security

Error Control for High-density Monochrome Two-dimensional Barcodes

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