A 3-year study of continuous mixed grazing of cattle and sheep: Parasitism of offspring

Jordan, Helen E.; Phillips, William A.; Morrison, Robert; Doyle, John Joseph; Mckenzie, K G

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(88)90119-1

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Such gains had already been reported in individual papers (Cook et al 1967; Hamilton 1975) but without global quantification through a set of papers as shown in the current paper, with an average gain of 14·5% for individual sheep. This value is within the range of that reported for the sheep in a qualitative review of Hoste et al (2003), ranging from 10 to 30% (Jordan et al 1988; Nolan & Connolly 1988; Niezen et al 1996) (not included in the database). In addition, in the current database the differences in the various physiological statuses were highlighted, having both an inter- and within-studies approach.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mixed grazing systems of sheep and cattle to improve liveweight gain: a quantitative review

2013

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Mixed grazing is an alternative pasture management which can be used to increase ruminant performance and reduce gastro-intestinal nematodes. A meta-analysis was performed on the results of previous studies from the literature to quantify the benefit of mixed grazing with sheep and cattle and identify determinants and enhancing factors. The analysis focused on papers reporting measurements of average daily weight gain (ADG) of sheep and cattle, carried out simultaneously in mixed grazing and in mono-grazing. The meta-analysis used 179 observations from 16 experiments published in nine carefully selected papers. The benefits of mixed grazing were appraised using the individual ADG of sheep (ADGi sheep ), cattle (ADGi cattle ) and the overall performances (ADG per hectare (ADGha), g/day/ha). A theoretical production value (ADGha-Theo) was calculated from the ADGha in mixed and mono-grazing at similar stocking rates (SRs)/ha. The ADGi sheep was greater in mixed treatments compared with control treatments (+ 14·5 g/day, P < 0·001) and varied with physiological status and SR (P < 0·001). The ADGi cattle was similar in mixed and mono-grazing. At a global level ADGha in mixed treatments (ADGha-Mtrt) was higher by 28·6% compared with sheep alone and by 25·1% compared with cattle alone; also, ADGha-Mtrt was 8% higher than ADGha-Theo. The ADGha varied with physiological status and decreased with

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mixed grazing systems of sheep and cattle to improve liveweight gain: a quantitative review

2013

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“…A number of studies have been published on mixed or alternate grazing with cattle, sheep, goats, horses, camels, and donkeys, usually two species mixed in the same paddock or alternately grazing the same paddocks (e.g. Nari et al, 1987;Quintana et al, 1987;Jordan et al, 1988;Nolan and Connolly, 1988;Schwarz et al, 1988;Sall et al, 1993;Chroust et al, 1998;Troxler, 1998). For both systems increased weight gain per unit of land, reduced parasite load and increased utilisation of the pasture were reported compared with grazing one species alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there seemed to be interactions between grazing system (mixed or alternate), animal species/groups and stocking rates, and environmental conditions on weight gain and parasite load (e.g. Fatyga, 1989;Jordan et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing with heifers and sows alone or mixed: herbage quality, sward structure and animal weight gain

Sehested

Søegaard²,

Danielsen

et al. 2004

Livestock Production Science

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The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of mixed grazing (MI) by sows and heifers with alternate grazing (AL) or grazing heifers (HN) and sows (SN) alone on animal weight gain, sward structure, herbage quality and composition, and selection during grazing. Mixed or alternate grazing consistently improved the weight gain in both heifers and sows, compared with grazing one species alone, but the positive effect was statistically significant only for heifers. The herbage quality of the MI and AL systems was better compared with the SN system, but not clearly better compared with the HN system. The total animal weight gain (heifers + sows) and estimated herbage intake per hectare were also higher in the MI and AL systems compared with SN and HN systems. The sows grazed selectively as they preferred clover rather than grass and grass leaves rather than grass stem. Only few turnovers of the sward by the sows were observed. Animal behaviour was not systematically surveyed, but no adverse behaviour was observed between the two animal species. Herbage quality, proportion of rejected herbage and the load of gastro-intestinal nematodes in heifers could have positively influenced animal weight gain per day and hectare in the MI and AL systems in this study. D

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“…This feature has been exploited and there are many examples where high levels of parasite control have been achieved for both sheep and cattle by interchange grazing (Barger 1996). However, even where sheep and cattle are grazed together, there is evidence that improved parasite control can occur, particularly for sheep (Arundel & Hamilton 1975, Jordan et al 1988. This is attributed to the "vacuum cleaner" effect of the alternative host, whether it is cattle or horses, on the number of infective larvae of sheep parasites on pasture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics, prevalence and impact of nematode infections in organically raised sheep in Sweden.

2003

Aust Veterinary J

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was carried out on organically reared sheep flocks throughout Sweden. The aim was to determine the prevalence and intensity of nematode infections and to establish relationships between sheep management practices and parasite infections. Faecal samples from ewes and lambs were collected from 152 organic flocks around lambing-time and during the grazing-period for analysis. Results were compared with the different management practices that farmers use to prevent parasitism in their flocks. A high proportion of the flocks was infected with nematodes. The most prevalent species were Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumeincta, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis and Chabertia ovina and infections progressively increased during summer in lambs grazing on permanent pastures. Severity of parasitic infection in lambs was highly dependent on egg output from the ewes. H. contortus was found in 37% of the flocks, even at latitudes approximating the Polar Circle. Nematodirus battus was recorded for the first time in Sweden during the course of this study. Lambs turned out onto permanent pasture showed higher nematode faecal egg counts (epg) than lambs that had grazed on pastures, which had not carried sheep the previous year. This beneficial effect of lambs grazing non-infected pastures persisted if the ewes were treated with an anthelmintic before turn-out and if the lambs were kept on pastures of low infectivity after weaning. In lambs, the prevalence and the magnitude of their egg counts were higher during autumn in flocks where lambs were slaughtered after 8 months of age, compared with flocks where all lambs were slaughtered before this age. These results will be used in providing advice to farmers of ways to modify their flock management in order to minimise the use of anthelmintics, but at the same time efficiently produce prime lambs.

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A 3-year study of continuous mixed grazing of cattle and sheep: Parasitism of offspring

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Mixed grazing systems of sheep and cattle to improve liveweight gain: a quantitative review

Mixed grazing systems of sheep and cattle to improve liveweight gain: a quantitative review

Grazing with heifers and sows alone or mixed: herbage quality, sward structure and animal weight gain

The dynamics, prevalence and impact of nematode infections in organically raised sheep in Sweden.

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