A 30‐year survey of paediatric tinea capitis in southern Spain

Boz, J. del; Crespo, V.; Rivas-Ruiz, Francisco; Troya, M. de

doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03733.x

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In Spain, there is still a predominance of zoophilic dermatophytes such as M. canis which is the main agent of TC, followed by T. mentagrophytes, as demonstrated in a retrospective study covering 30 years from 1977 to 2006 [83]. However, the authors noted a trend towards anthropophilic species with an increase in T. violaceum and T. tonsurans species, but the proportion of migrants included was probably too low so that the change in the species distribution was not marked.…”

Section: Increase In Anthropophilic Dermatophytes Causing Tc In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatophytosis, Trends in Epidemiology and Diagnostic Approach

Hayette

Sacheli

2015

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

110

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Dermatophytes are amongst the most common fungal agents causing superficial skin infections. The epidemiology of dermatophytosis has changed during the last century under the influence of socioeconomic factors, modern life, intensification of travel, migration of populations from the southern to the northern hemisphere. As result, Trichophyton rubrum has become the most frequent species worldwide, causing mainly tinea pedis and tinea unguium, while Microsporum canis is still the main agent in tinea corporis and capitis in Mediterranean countries. However, the prevalence of anthropophilic dermatophytes causing tinea capitis in young children is increasing overall in the big cities of Europe and America, causing epidemics and becoming a public health concern. This review summarizes the current status of dermatophyte infection in Europe, Africa, Asia and America and gives an overview of the most recent molecular methods currently available for the laboratory diagnosis of dermatophytosis.

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Section: Increase In Anthropophilic Dermatophytes Causing Tc In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatophytosis, Trends in Epidemiology and Diagnostic Approach

Hayette

Sacheli

2015

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

110

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“…This disease mainly affects children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, such as patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy or AIDS patients (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The disorders caused by M. canis infection are not well controlled to date, and M. canis is still one of the most common dermatophytes to cause human tinea capitis in Europe (19,20) as well as in South America (21,22). Moreover, it is also the principal pathogen that causes tinea capitis in most areas of China according to recent reports (23,24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Fungus Microsporum canis Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome

Mao

Zhang

et al. 2014

Infect Immun

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Microsporum canis is a pathogenic fungus with worldwide distribution that causes tinea capitis in animals and humans. M. canis also causes invasive infection in immunocompromised patients. To defy pathogenic fungal infection, the host innate immune system is the first line of defense. As an important arm of innate immunity, the inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes that control the activation of caspase-1, which cleaves proinflammatory cytokine pro-interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤) into its mature form. To determine whether the inflammasome is involved in the host defense against M. canis infection, we challenged human monocytic THP-1 cells and mouse dendritic cells with a clinical strain of M. canis isolated from patients with tinea capitis. We found that M. canis infection triggered rapid secretion of IL-1␤ from both THP-1 cells and mouse dendritic cells. Moreover, by using gene-specific shRNA and competitive inhibitors, we determined that M. canis-induced IL-1␤ secretion was dependent on NLRP3. The pathways proposed for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, namely, cathepsin B activity, K ؉ efflux, and reactive oxygen species production, were all required for the inflammasome activation triggered by M. canis. Meanwhile, Syk, Dectin-1, and Card9 were found to be involved in M. canis-induced IL-1␤ secretion via regulation of pro-IL-1␤ transcription. More importantly, our data revealed that M. canis-induced production of IL-1␤ was dependent on the NLRP3 inflammasome in vivo. Together, this study unveils that the NLRP3 inflammasome exerts a critical role in host innate immune responses against M. canis infection, and our data suggest that diseases that result from M. canis infection might be controlled by regulating the activation of inflammasomes.

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“…Tinea capitis should be clinically suspected in the presence of tonsured hair and scales in an area of alopecia, especially when contact with animals is reported. Fungal culture confirms the diagnosis 1. Oral griseofulvin for 8 weeks is the indicated treatment.…”

Section: Answer To Questionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection in childhood, which is caused by dermatophytes and manifests as scaly areas of alopecia on the scalp associated with tonsured hair (broken off a few millimetres above the scalp surface.) 1. Transmission of the agent Microsporum canis can occur during contact with infected domestic animals (cats and dogs), which can be asymptomatic carriers without skin or hair lesions.…”

Section: Answer To Questionmentioning

confidence: 99%