A 30 ‐Year Time Series of Transient Tracer‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Central Labrador Sea

Raimondi, Lorenza; Tanhua, Toste; Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko; Yashayaev, Igor; Wallace, Douglas W.R.

doi:10.1029/2020jc017092

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, the CFC‐12 saturation is not constant and seems to increase with time (Figure S2 in Supporting Information ). This is in agreement with what has been found in the North Atlantic (Tanhua et al., 2008) and the Labrador Sea (Raimondi et al., 2021). This evolution is most clearly seen in the Greenland Sea, but also seems to be the case in the other basins.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This will have an impact on the calculated C ant concentrations. Changes in the disequilibrium have been found to translate almost linearly to the C ant values both in the Nordic Seas and the Labrador Sea (Olsen et al., 2010; Raimondi et al., 2021). Consequently, an ocean surface with a p CO 2 growth rate of 80% compared to the atmospheric p CO 2 , will reduce the C ant estimates by 20%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decadal Changes in Ventilation and Anthropogenic Carbon in the Nordic Seas

et al. 2023

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal Changes in Ventilation and Anthropogenic Carbon in the Nordic Seas

et al. 2023

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“…However, an important caveat regarding our finding of a progressively weakening North Atlantic C ant sink is the fact that the available ocean interior observations in the North Atlantic stem mostly from the first half of our last sampling period, the 2010s. However, after 2013 the NAO switched to a strong positive phase (Holliday et al., 2020) and in line with this, the C ant column inventories in the Central Labrador Sea rapidly increased (Raimondi et al., 2021). Likewise, a deep convection event in the Irminger Sea in winter 2014/15 injected anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior and almost tripled the storage rates compared to those determined from previous hydrographic sections (Fröb et al., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…While all sampling periods assigned for this study are relatively well covered with observations, the large changes we reconstruct in the North Atlantic between the first and second period need to be viewed with caution since the number of data records that provide all required variables for the eMLR(C*) analysis is very limited after ∼2015. During this period, a reinvigoration of the anthropogenic carbon accumulation has been reported in regional studies (Fröb et al, 2018;Raimondi et al, 2021), albeit only for small subregions of the whole North Atlantic.…”

Section: Caveats and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Decadal Trends in the Oceanic Storage of Anthropogenic Carbon From 1994 to 2014

Müller,

Gruber,

Carter

et al. 2023

AGU Advances

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The oceanic uptake and resulting storage of the anthropogenic CO2 (Cant) that humans have emitted into the atmosphere moderates climate change. Yet our knowledge about how this uptake and storage has progressed in time remained limited. Here, we determine decadal trends in the storage of Cant by applying the eMLR(C*) regression method to ocean interior observations collected repeatedly since the 1990s. We find that the global ocean storage of Cant grew from 1994 to 2004 by 29 ± 3 Pg C dec−1 and from 2004 to 2014 by 27 ± 3 Pg C dec−1 (±1σ). The storage change in the second decade is about 15 ± 11% lower than one would expect from the first decade and assuming proportional increase with atmospheric CO2. We attribute this reduction in sensitivity to a decrease of the ocean buffer capacity and changes in ocean circulation. In the Atlantic Ocean, the maximum storage rate shifted from the Northern to the Southern Hemisphere, plausibly caused by a weaker formation rate of North Atlantic Deep Waters and an intensified ventilation of mode and intermediate waters in the Southern Hemisphere. Our estimates of the Cant accumulation differ from cumulative net air‐sea flux estimates by several Pg C dec−1, suggesting a substantial and variable, but uncertain net loss of natural carbon from the ocean. Our findings indicate a considerable vulnerability of the ocean carbon sink to climate variability and change.

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Trends of Anthropogenic Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean Estimated Using a State Space Model

et al. 2023

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A key element for climate change projection and for carbon emission policy is how effective the ocean is, and will be, in mitigating the effects of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. The northwest Atlantic is one of the largest oceanic carbon sinks on an areal basis, taking in and storing large amounts of anthropogenic CO 2 (Khatiwala et al., 2013). There are several chemical, physical and biological factors that influence how much CO 2 the ocean takes up throughout the year. In the winter, cold winds cool the surface waters, increasing the solubility of CO 2 (Emerson & Hedges, 2008), which enhances dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in the surface layers as a result of air-sea gas exchange. Temperature also influences the physical uptake processes of the area, as cooling reduces stratification and facilitates the transport of DIC rich waters from the surface to the deeper waters. The shoaling of the mixed layer in the summer traps DIC rich waters in the subsurface ocean where it is no longer in contact with the atmosphere. While respiration will release CO 2 into the surface waters, phytoplankton will use CO 2 for photosynthesis. Strong, seasonal biological production also promotes seasonal uptake of CO 2 from the atmosphere, which is transported deeper via the biological carbon and mixed-layer pumps (Lacour et al., 2019).

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A 30 ‐Year Time Series of Transient Tracer‐Based Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon in the Central Labrador Sea

Cited by 12 publications

References 61 publications

Decadal Changes in Ventilation and Anthropogenic Carbon in the Nordic Seas

Decadal Changes in Ventilation and Anthropogenic Carbon in the Nordic Seas

Decadal Trends in the Oceanic Storage of Anthropogenic Carbon From 1994 to 2014

Trends of Anthropogenic Dissolved Inorganic Carbon in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean Estimated Using a State Space Model

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