A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

Jakab, Gergely; Hegyi, István; Fullen, Michael A.; Szabó, Péter Jánoš; Zacháry, Dóra; Szalai, Zoltán

doi:10.1007/s11368-017-1908-9

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Currently, their amount is unpredictable. This phenomenon will also intensify sizeselective erosion processes (Wang and Shi 2015) and organic carbon redistribution (Jakab et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth oxide tracking coupled with 3D soil surface modelling: an opportunity to study small-scale soil redistribution

et al. 2020

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Purpose Small-scale runoff and soil redistribution processes are important factors in rainfall simulation studies. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to examine the feasibility of rare earth oxide (REO) tracking combined with 3D surface modelling and soil crust analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Materials and methods Four 40 mmh −1 rainfall simulations (divided into two blocks) were conducted on a Luvisol sample at 9% slope steepness. In a block, two successive simulations were run on a tilled, and then, on a crusted surface. Before the first rainfall simulation of a block, the tilled surface was prepared by hoeing and application of four REO tracers (Pr 6 O 11 Sm 2 O 3 , Ho 2 O 3 and Yb 2 O 3) to the freshly tilled surface. REOs divided the parcel into two back, and two front sub-parcels. The REO runoff content was measured by XRF, while the redistributed REOs were measured by SEM on polished crust samples taken after the second experiment in each block. Additionally, before and after 3D models of the surface were created for determining runoff direction and redistribution pattern. Results and discussion According to the REO content of the soil loss samples, the soil washed down from the front sub-parcels, while back parcels started contributing to soil loss only during the second block experiments. The surface microtopography changed between the experiments. The runoff path from the back sub-parcels headed to one side of the parcel. This strong, crossside runoff pattern explained the lack of the back sub-parcel REOs in the soil loss. Meanwhile, in the crust samples, several forms of the redistribution were identified. The REOs of the back sub-parcels were found in the samples that were collected in runoff paths, and the leaching pattern became traceable with REOs. Moreover, we were able to reconstruct the original surface easily on SEM images. Conclusions Small-scale redistribution and the role of the microtopography of the surface should be considered as an erosional factor in erosion studies in a more detailed way. Behaviour of the REO as a soil sediment tracer has great potential, although questions remain. REO tracing applied with runoff direction modelling and SEM analysis of soil crust samples was suitable to monitor the runoff path, and explain the soil redistribution pattern horizontally and vertically.

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“…Currently, their amount is unpredictable. This phenomenon will also intensify sizeselective erosion processes (Wang and Shi 2015) and organic carbon redistribution (Jakab et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare earth oxide tracking coupled with 3D soil surface modelling: an opportunity to study small-scale soil redistribution

et al. 2020

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“…Another possible application of the 13 C natural abundance method is connected with land use change studies (e.g. Yamashita, T. et al 2006;Jakab, G. et al 2018a;Zhang, Q. et al 2018). Agricultural land use disturbs the natural SOM system, e.g.…”

Section: Application Of Natural C Isotope Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of stable carbon isotopes in soil science with special attention to natural 13C abundance approach

Zacháry

2019

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Since the invention of the isotope ratio mass spectrometer in the late 1930s, isotope analysis has shed light on many key processes in the Earth's ecosystems. Stable isotope analysis was first applied in the field of chemistry and geochemistry in the 1940s, while the use of isotopic fractionation for various biochemical reactions was elaborated later. The knowledge gained from isotope research led to a better understanding of the dynamics of the biosphere and to the more efficient study of interactions between the geosphere and biosphere. In soil research, stable isotopes are ideally suited to provide a wider insight into the element cycles in soil ecosystems. Stable carbon isotopes, in particular, have been in the focus of soil research, since soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role not only in soil fertility, soil water management and many other physical, chemical and biological soil functions, but also in the global carbon cycle. If processes connected with these soil functions are isotopically labelled with stable carbon isotopes, the key reactions of C input, exchange and output in the soil and other soil organic matter functions can be studied accurately. The 13 C abundance approach is one of the useful methods applying natural stable carbon isotope differences in the atmosphere-plant-soil system to track the stability of organic carbon in these reservoirs. The turnover of SOM, particularly the rate of decomposition and the partitioning of C between the different soil CO 2 efflux sources are in the focus of soil science research, which can be studied in detail with the help of natural 13 C abundance method. Thus, analysing the isotopic composition of CO 2 exchange between the soil and the atmosphere not only helps to gain more information about the impact and role of SOM and its various forms but also to predict ecosystem responses to global changes.

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“…2016) or isotopic markers (Bihari, Á. and Dezső, Z. 2008;Novara, A. et al 2016;Jakab, G. et al 2018) are the most common methods applied to quantify soil erosion. However, to make reproducible and comparable results of water and soil losses, rainfall simulations can be also considered a valuable tool (Iserloh, T. et al 2012;Szabó, J. et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing environmental changes in abandoned German vineyards. Understanding key issues for restoration management plans

et al. 2018

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Land degradation in vineyards is a big concern which should be considered by farmers, enterprises and policymakers. Due to intense tillage, the use of herbicides and heavy machinery, vine plantations are registering a decrease in soil fertility and, subsequently, in productivity. Recently, farmers have decided to abandon the vineyards, but any restoration planning is being carried out to recover biodiversity or to reduce soil and water losses. Nowadays, there is no information about environmental changes after the abandonment in terms of possible soil property changes and erosion in Central European vineyards such as in Germany. Therefore, the main aims of this preliminary study were to compare: i) soil properties and soil profiles of one cultivated vineyard and an abandoned one; and, ii) to assess the activation of soil erosion processes using a small portable rainfall simulator. Our results showed that the vineyard registered several differences in soil properties among slope positions and soil profile characteristics due to tillage and trampling effects, showing clear marks of compaction and soil detachment in the lower parts. Also, in this cultivated field, higher means and maxima of soil losses (g m -2 ) and sediment concentration (g l -1 ) values than in the abandoned plot were quantified, being the main driving factors the vegetation cover and the inclination. On the other hand, in the abandoned vine plantation, a rapid homogenization of soil profiles and soil properties were found along the hillslope, where a deeper organic horizon was consistently developed above a compacted and rocky horizon, which was generated during the cultivation phase. Due to the high compaction due to the machinery cultivation and the difficulties for the roots to make deep into the soil, the infiltration defaulted and the amount of runoff and runoff coefficient were higher in the abandoned plots than in the cultivated ones.

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A 300-year record of sedimentation in a small tilled catena in Hungary based on δ13C, δ15N, and C/N distribution

Cited by 6 publications

References 71 publications

Rare earth oxide tracking coupled with 3D soil surface modelling: an opportunity to study small-scale soil redistribution

Rare earth oxide tracking coupled with 3D soil surface modelling: an opportunity to study small-scale soil redistribution

Applications of stable carbon isotopes in soil science with special attention to natural 13C abundance approach

Assessing environmental changes in abandoned German vineyards. Understanding key issues for restoration management plans

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