A 3D anthropometric analysis of the orolabial region in Chinese young adults

Abstract

The orolabial region frequently undergoes significant changes following trauma, orthognathic surgery or orthodontics. Ethnicity, age and gender specific normative data are needed during the planning phase before surgical interventions in this region. In 2008 the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery published anthropometric lip measurements of Chinese children; however such reference data for Chinese young adults are currently unavailable. Therefore this cross-sectional study using 3-D facial photographs acquired from 103 healthy Chinese young adults with Class I skeletal pattern was conducted to deliver normative data for this age group. Anthropometric landmarks were identified on these 3-D images and linear, angular measurements as well as proportions were calculated. It was found that all orolabial measurements were significantly higher in males other than the labiomental angle. No gender differences were found in the anthropometric proportions. This study established the orolabial anthropometric normative data for Chinese young adults. These norms can be used to objectively evaluate the morphology of the lips during diagnosis, treatment planning and assessment of treatment outcomes.

Face morphology of brazilian and peruvian populations: analysis of proportion and linear measurement indexes

“…Studies on the analysis of the face morphology of Asian populations showed mouth width values and upper lip vermillion height greater than those found by this present study [10,13,18], while the studies on Black and White Americans observed mouth width values more similar to those of the Brazilians and Peruvians [11,17]. The vestibular shift of maxillary incisors and canines can affect the upper and lower vermilion areas of the lips [20], therefore the assessment of the upper anterior teeth shapes is important to the study of lips stereophotogrammetry, especially when comparing different ethnicities, which may present different trends of dental positioning [21].…”

“…The authors used a new method of 3D anthropometric measurement to delineate the Chinese nose shape to contribute with the plastic surgeons [12]. Yasas et al verified the orolabial region of Chinese females and males through 3D images aiming to standardize the lip morphology and enable an adequate planning and better prognosis prior to either orthognathic surgery, lip reconstruction, or orthodontics [13].…”

The facial morphology in Down syndrome: A 3D comparison of patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea

“…An anthropometric analysis scheme developed for qualifying facial norms [Jayaratne et al 2013a; Jayaratne et al 2013b; Jayaratne et al 2014b; Jayaratne et al 2014c] was used with suitable modifications to suit the current project. Landmarks were identified by a single investigator (YSNJ) with significant experience in digital craniofacial anthropometry.…”

Cephalometric Soft Tissue Standard and Gender Dimorphism in Nasal Prominence estimated By Holdaway's Analysis in Patients visiting College of Dentistry, Aljouf University

“…5 The standards of nasal parameters can be used as a standard for comparing treatment outcomes, treatment planning in orthodontics, and nasal surgeries. 6 Nasal norms can be measured by direct clinical measurement (morphometric), lateral cephalograms, 7 two-dimensional 8 and three-dimensional (3D) 6 photographs, 3D white light scanners, 9 and 3D laser scans. 10 The rationale of performing of this study is to have population-specific values of nasal length, which could assist us in orthodontic and orthognathic surgery treatment planning of the Saudi population.…”