A 3D Non-stationary MmWave Channel Model for Vacuum Tube Ultra-High-Speed Train Channels

Abstract

As a potential development direction of future transportation, the vacuum tube ultra-high-speed train (UHST) wireless communication systems have newly different channel characteristics from existing high-speed train (HST) scenarios. In this paper, a three-dimensional non-stationary millimeter wave (mmWave) geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) is proposed to investigate the channel characteristics of UHST channels in vacuum tube scenarios, taking into account the waveguide effect and the impact of tube wall roughness on channel. Then, based on the proposed model, some important time-variant channel statistical properties are studied and compared with those in existing HST and tunnel channels. The results obtained show that the multipath effect in vacuum tube scenarios will be more obvious than tunnel scenarios but less than existing HST scenarios, which will provide some insights for future research on vacuum tube UHST wireless communications.

Pervasive Wireless Channel Modeling Theory and Applications to 6G GBSMs for All Frequency Bands and All Scenarios

“…channel. As shown in this figure, the number of clusters in HST channel is extremely larger than the other two channels due to the narrow space of tunnel and vacuum tube, this phenomenon is in agreement with that in [21]. Fig.…”

“…where ρ s0 is the scattering coefficient when the roughness σ h = 0. Calculations of scattering coefficient ρ s can be referred to [21].…”

“…MmWave+ UHST [21] 1) Single-link, single-frequency, clusters are distributed on the inner wall of the vacuum tube 2)AL=1, BL=1, W E = 1, µ = 1, ψm n = 0, Mn(t) = Mn 3) v An = v Zn = v T = 0 4) ∆f BD = 0, γm n = 0, ξn (p, q) = 1 Ultra-massive MIMO [46] 1) Single-frequency 2) W E = 1, µ = 1, ψm n = 0, Mn(t) = Mn RIS [47] 1) Single-link, single-frequency 2) AL = 1, BL = 1, W E = 1, µ = 1, ψm n = 0, Mn(t) = Mn 3) ∆f BD = 0, γm n = 0, ∆t BD = 0…”

“…When it comes to ultra-high mobility scenarios such as UHST scenarios, the underlying channels experience much larger Doppler shift and stronger temporal non-stationarity [19], [20]. The waveguide effect and the impact of tube wall roughness should be taken into arXiv:2206.02442v1 [eess.SP] 6 Jun 2022 account in vacuum tube UHST scenarios [21]. The spherical wavefront and non-stationarity in the spatial domain need to be considered in (ultra-)massive MIMO channels.…”

Channel characteristics analysis of millimetre‐wave bands in Hyperloop scenarios based on ray‐tracing

“…For example, the authors in [14] proposed a propagation-graph channel model and analysed the corresponding position-based wireless channel characteristics. A 3D non-stationary GBSM method was used by the authors of in [15] to investigate the channel characteristics of ultra-high speed train channels in vacuum tube scenarios. Based on the simulation results, the multipath effect in vacuum tube scenarios was shown and it is less than in the existing HSR scenarios.…”