A 3D Wideband Non-Stationary Multi-Mobility Model for Vehicle-to-Vehicle MIMO Channels

Abstract

In this paper, a three-dimensional non-stationary multi-mobility vehicle-to-vehicle channel model is proposed. The channel model considers a realistic propagation environment where the transmitter (Tx), receiver (Rx), and scatterers can experience changes in their speeds and moving directions. With different trajectories of the Tx and Rx, the impacts of antenna array rotation are incorporated. The channel impulse response of the proposed multi-mobility channel model is derived using time-varying channel parameters such as angles, delays, and powers. Besides, a simplified two-dimensional non-stationary multi-mobility channel model with approximate expressions is provided. Key statistical properties, e.g., local spatial-temporal cross-correlation function and stationary interval are derived and investigated. The usefulness of the proposed model is validated by comparing the local Doppler power spectrum density and local Doppler spread with the corresponding measurement data. The presented results indicate that the speed and trajectory variations of the Tx and Rx, as well as the motion of scatterers, can have major impacts on channel statistical properties and intensify the channel non-stationarity.INDEX TERMS Non-stationary V2V MIMO channels, GBSM, scatterer motion, trajectory and velocity variations, statistical properties.

A 3D Wideband Two-Cluster Channel Model for Massive MIMO Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications in Semi-Ellipsoid Environments

“…L is the total number of the taps. It is assumed that the line-of-sight (LoS) and non-LoS (NLoS) propagation links are independent to each other; therefore, the complex tap coefficient for the first tap ( = 1) from the p-th transmit antenna to the q-th receive antenna can be expressed as [22]…”

Space-Time Correlation for Three-Dimensional MIMO Channel Model Using Leaky Coaxial Cables in Rectangular Tunnel

“…e nonstationary scenarios of MIMO technologies for high-speed train and Metro communications have drawn attention. Up to present, there are two main cases of nonstationary scenarios: one is the movement of transmitter or receiver and the other is the movement of transmitter and receiver [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. e channel modeling can be based on two-dimensional (2D) [1][2][3][4][5] and three-dimensional (3D) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

“…Up to present, there are two main cases of nonstationary scenarios: one is the movement of transmitter or receiver and the other is the movement of transmitter and receiver [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. e channel modeling can be based on two-dimensional (2D) [1][2][3][4][5] and three-dimensional (3D) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. According to the 3GPP (3GPP TR 25.996) spatial channel model (SCM) [1][2][3][4][5][6] and WINNER II channel model [7][8][9][10][11][12], the geometry-based single-bounce (GBSB) [1][2][3][4][5] and geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] are used to describe MIMO propagation channels.…”

“…e nonstationary scenarios investigated include the high altitude unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) MIMO air-to-ground communications [7,8], the vehicle-tovehicle communications in tunnel [9,10] and other scattering environments [11,12], the base-station-to-vehicle communications in tunnel [5] and other scattering environments [1,2], and so on. In these scenarios, the influences of different moving velocities, moving times, moving directions, and moving trajectories on spatial cross-correlation and autocorrelation are analyzed [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In [1,2], the authors have researched the multielement antennas systems in mobile fading channels and have considered that the local scatterers were only around the mobile user (MS) in 2 × 2 MIMO channel, the base station (BS) is fixed, the BS and the MS are both two-element antennas array, and they also derived a space-time correlation for MIMO systems in mobile fading channels.…”

“…In [11], this paper researched a geometry-based nonstationary MIMO channel model for vehicular communications and discussed the autocorrelation functions (ACFs) for different time separation and different receiving antenna spacing. In [12], this paper proposed a 3D wideband nonstationary multimobility model for vehicle-tovehicle MIMO channels and derived the channel impulse response (CIR) and correlation functions (CFs); the authors discussed the CFs for different time separations and different times which increased with the increase of time separation and time by simulation.…”