A 4-year-old girl with clinically mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion associated with rotavirus infection

Fuchigami, Tatsuo; Goto, Kosei; Hasegawa, Maki; Saito, Kei; Kida, Tomoko; Hashimoto, Koji; Fujita, Yukihiko; Inamo, Yasuji; Kuzuya, Mitsutaka

doi:10.1007/s10156-012-0421-8

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hyponatremia, defined as a lower serum sodium level of less than 136 mmol/L, is a common electrolyte disturbance that occurs in patients with a wide range of disorders and clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to critically ill. Takanashi et al [25] reported that most patients with MERS had mild hyponatremia, with a mean serum sodium level of 131.0 ± 4.1 mmol/L, which is lower than the control groups. Fuchigami et al [26] summarized 10 cases of rotavirus-associated MERS, three had a sodium level \136 mmol/L. In the present review, we reported that 10 out of 27 MERS cases had hyponatremia on admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion: five cases and a literature review

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics and etiology of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in China by retrospectively analyzing five MERS cases from the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital within a total of 27 reported MERS cases from available Chinese literature. Most of the 27 cases originated near the eastern and southern parts of China. Ages for 23 MERS cases were under 30 years and the female-to-male ratio was 1:1.25. The major causes of MERS included infection, antiepileptic drug withdrawal, high-altitude cerebral edema, and cesarean section (C-section). Hyponatremia was also observed in 10 MERS cases. All patients had a complete recovery within a month. Steroids and IVIG were the most commonly used therapy for MERS, but their efficiency remained questionable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion: five cases and a literature review

et al. 2015

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“…Most RV gastroenteritis occurs in children aged 6 months to 2 years, although the mean age of our study was 2.6 years. Similarly, several recent case reports [17][18][19] have also reported RV-infection associated MERS case with respective age of 4 years and 3 months, 4 years and 6 years, implicating that the older children with RV gastroenteritis may have predilection to have MERS. Furthermore, 3 out of 5 RV-infection associated cases in our study had afebrile seizures.…”

Section: Etiological Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 82%

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome in children: Retrospective study and summary of case series

Chen

Liu

Yang

et al. 2016

Brain and Development

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“…B, body; G, genu; R, rostrum it has become more recognized recently in adults that a reversible lesion in the SCC may no longer be a specific MRI finding in children with mild encephalitis. According to some case reports, MERS could have been triggered by (a) viral infection, including those caused by the influenza virus (Takanashi, Barkovich, Yamaguchi, & Kohno, 2004;Takatsu, Ishimaru, Ito, & Kinami, 2017), rotavirus (Fuchigami et al, 2013), measles virus (Melenotte, Craighero, Girard, Brouqui, & Botelho-Nevers, 2013), adenovirus (Hibino et al, 2014), human parvovirus B19 (Suzuki, Kusaka, & Okada, 2014), and cytomegalovirus (Feraco, Porretti, Marchiò, Bellizzi, & Recla, 2018) and (b) other types of infectious pathogens including Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Yuan et al, 2016), Legionella pneumophila (Tomizawa et al, 2015), Streptococcus pneumoniae (Avcu, Kilinc, Eraslan, Karapinar, & Vardar, 2017), and malaria parasites (Mawatari, Kobayashi, & Yamamoto, 2018).…”

Section: Splenium Of the Corpus Callosum Lesions Demonstrated On Mri Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum

Tetsuka

2019

Brain and Behavior

107

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Aim of Review The presence of isolated, reversible lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC) is essential to confirm the diagnosis of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy. The lesions usually heal within a month after the onset of neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has increasingly been used as a diagnostic tool, which has led to the publication of an increasing number of case reports. These have highlighted some inconsistencies about encephalitis/encephalopathy. First, the condition is not always mild and may be severe. Second, reversible lesions in the SCC have been identified in various diseases and conditions other than viral encephalitis/encephalopathy. Third, lesions in SCC are not always completely reversible. On this note, this review describes the specific clinical and radiological features of encephalitis/encephalopathy. Findings The reversible lesion in SCC is an MRI finding observable in a wide variety of diseases and conditions. Thus, it should be considered as a secondary change rather than a peculiar feature associated with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy. If reversible lesions are present in the SCC, the symptoms and prognosis are not necessarily favorable, with manifestations of encephalitis/encephalopathy varying from absent to severe. Neuroradiological features that appear as isolated high‐intensity signals on diffusion‐weighted images and a decreased apparent diffusion coefficient of the lesion might indicate a diagnosis of cytotoxic edema. Findings of previous studies suggest that cytokine‐mediated cytotoxic edema of the SCC may be an important pathophysiological manifestation of this condition. Conclusion The reversible lesions in the SCC found on MRI are not exclusive to encephalitis/encephalopathy but may be secondary to other disorders.

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A 4-year-old girl with clinically mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion associated with rotavirus infection

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion: five cases and a literature review

Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion: five cases and a literature review

Reversible splenial lesion syndrome in children: Retrospective study and summary of case series

Reversible lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum

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