A 472-SNP panel for pairwise kinship testing of second-degree relatives

First Reconstruction of Kinship in a Scalloped Hammerhead Shark Aggregation Reveals the Mating Patterns and Breeding Sex Ratio

“…The empirical comparison of SNP analyses with full and reduced datasets performed in this study shows that reliable results can be obtained with a marker panel five times smaller than initially obtained using less stringent filtering conditions (95% call rate). While the need of approximately 1000 SNP markers in population genetics has already been validated with simulation studies (Willing et al, 2012), these results also provide an empirical test for the effectiveness of a reduced SNP panel in kinship assignments as previously shown in humans (Mo et al, 2018).…”

“…From these results, we suggest that in studies where a large number of individuals need to be genotyped, reliable results can be achieved with reduced monetary investment in sequencing. Furthermore, this study adds to the increasing literature on the effects of the number of SNP loci on population genetics and kinship analyses (e.g., Hauser et al, 2011;Willing et al, 2012;Mo et al, 2018). The empirical comparison of SNP analyses with full and reduced datasets performed in this study shows that reliable results can be obtained with a marker panel five times smaller than initially obtained using less stringent filtering conditions (95% call rate).…”

A set of novel multi‐allelic SNPs for forensic application developed through massively parallel sequencing and its examples of population genetic studies

“…Though not as many alleles as the short tandem repeat (STR) loci, SNPs are still more conducive to solve some forensic cases which are difficult to resolve by STRs. For instances, the power of STR loci current available is insufficient to some complex paternity/pedigree testing when the germline mutation of STRs occurs, but typing SNP loci can meet this demand due to their lower mutation rate relative to STR [4]; SNPs are appropriate for detecting highly degraded samples, and can offer valuable information in the bone samples approximately 500 year-old [5], even 3000 year-old [6]; significant allele frequency (AF) differences between different populations contribute to the statistical inference of an individual's biogeographical ancestry [7]; the phenotype informative SNPs have the potential to predict particular phenotypic characteristics such as eye and hair color [6,8]. However, commonly used bi-allelic SNPs have the limitations of discrimination power (DP), and cannot reliably detect and analyze mixed samples.…”

Analysis of full- and half-siblings using a combined system of STR, InDel and SNP markers

“…However, discrimination of second-degree and more distant relationships, which is frequently necessary in legal proceedings, remains challenging. Previous studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as one of the main forms of human genetic variation, contain a large amount of genetic information, which is of great value for solving complex genetic relationships [4][5][6]. Moreover, forensic STRs have been estimated to be more powerful than SNPs, with the power of 1 STR comparable to that of approximately 3.5 and 6.5 SNPs in paternity testing and second-degree relative testing, respectively [4,[7][8][9].…”

“…Previous studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as one of the main forms of human genetic variation, contain a large amount of genetic information, which is of great value for solving complex genetic relationships [4][5][6]. Moreover, forensic STRs have been estimated to be more powerful than SNPs, with the power of 1 STR comparable to that of approximately 3.5 and 6.5 SNPs in paternity testing and second-degree relative testing, respectively [4,[7][8][9]. The strategy of an STR and SNP combined system has been suggested to reduce the costs and procedures of genotyping, and shows great value in kinship testing [4].…”