A 5 per cent measurement of the Hubble–Lemaître constant from Type II supernovae

Abstract

The most stringent local measurement of the Hubble-Lemaître constant from Cepheid-calibrated Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) differs from the value inferred via the cosmic microwave background radiation (Planck+ΛCDM) by ∼5σ. This so-called ‘Hubble tension’ has been confirmed by other independent methods, and thus does not appear to be a possible consequence of systematic errors. Here, we continue upon our prior work of using Type II supernovae to provide another, largely-independent method to measure the Hubble-Lemaître constant. From 13 SNe II with geometric, Cepheid, or tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) host-galaxy distance measurements, we derive H$_0= 75.4^{+3.8}_{-3.7}$ km s−1 Mpc−1 (statistical errors only), consistent with the local measurement but in disagreement by ∼2.0σ with the Planck+ΛCDM value. Using only Cepheids (N = 7), we find H$_0 = 77.6^{+5.2}_{-4.8}$ km s−1 Mpc−1, while using only TRGB (N = 5), we derive H$_0 = 73.1^{+5.7}_{-5.3}$ km s−1 Mpc−1. Via 13 variants of our dataset, we derive a systematic uncertainty estimate of 1.5 km s−1 Mpc−1. The median value derived from these variants differs by just 0.3 km s−1 Mpc−1 from that produced by our fiducial model. Because we only replace SNe Ia with SNe II — and we do not find statistically significant difference between the Cepheid and TRGB H0 measurements — our work reveals no indication that SNe Ia or Cepheids could be the sources of the ‘H0 tension.’ We caution, however, that our conclusions rest upon a modest calibrator sample; as this sample grows in the future, our results should be verified.

On the homogeneity of SnIa absolute magnitude in the Pantheon+ sample

“…The local direct measurement of SH0ES is consistent with a wide range of other less precise local measurements of H 0 using alternative SnIa calibrators [20][21][22][23], gravitational lensing [24][25][26][27], gravitational waves [28][29][30][31][32], gamma-ray bursts as standardizable candles [33][34][35][36][37], quasars as distant standard candles [38], type II supernovae [39,40], γ−ray attenuation [41] etc. (for recent reviews see Refs.…”

A reanalysis of the latest SH0ES data for $H_0$: Effects of new degrees of freedom on the Hubble tension

“…Measurements of the Hubble constant using observations of type Ia supernovae (SnIa) with Cepheid calibrators by the SH0ES Team has lead to a best fit value H 0 = 73.04 ± 1.04 km s −1 Mpc −1 [1] (hereafter R21). This highly precise but not necessarily accurate measurement is consistent with a wide range of other less precise local measurements of H 0 using alternative SnIa calibrators [2][3][4][5], gravitational lensing [6][7][8][9], gravitational waves [10][11][12][13][14], quasars as distant standard candles [15], type II supernovae [16,17], γ−ray attenuation [18] etc. (for recent reviews see Refs.…”

Late-time interacting cosmologies and the Hubble constant tension

“…This problematic ∼5σ discrepancy aggravates when considering other latetime estimates of H 0 . For instance, measurements from the megamaser cosmology project [17] or those exploiting surface brightness fluctuations [18] or type II supernovae [19] only exacerbate this tension. Nevertheless, there are measurements from other probes that are still unable to disentangle between the nearby Universe and CMB measurements.…”