A 5-year retrospective study of intraocular pressure control after trabeculectomy: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Background: Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the optic nerve in the eye, resulting in vision loss and, in severe cases, blindness. The prevalence of glaucoma and glaucoma blindness is highest in West Africans. Objective: The study presents a 5-year retrospective analysis of intraocular pressure (IOP) and complications after trabeculectomy. Materials and methods: Trabeculectomy was performed using 5 mg/ml of 5-fluorouracil. A gentle diathermy was performed to secure hemostasis. Using a blade fragment of the scleral thickness, a 4×3 mm rectangular scleral flap was dissected. The central part of the flap was dissected 1 mm into the clear cornea. Before being tailed down, the patient was given topical 0.05% dexamethasone qid, 1% atropine tid, and 0.3% ciprofloxacin qid for 4–6 weeks. Patients with pain were given pain relievers, and all patients with photophobia were given sun protection. A successful surgical outcome was defined as a postoperative IOP of 20 mmHg or less. Results: There were 161 patients over the 5-year period under review, with men constituting 70.2% of the total. Out of 275 eyes operated on, 82.9% were bilateral cases, while 17.1% were unilateral. Glaucoma was found in both children and adults aged 11–82 years. However, it was observed to predominate between the ages of 51 and 60, with males having the highest incidence. The average preoperative IOP was 24.37 mmHg, while it was 15.24 mmHg postoperatively. The complication with the highest ranking was shallow anterior chamber (24; 8.73%) due to overfiltration, followed by leaking bleb (8; 2.91%). The most common late complications were cataract (32; 11.64%) and fibrotic bleb (8; 2.91%). Bilateral cataracts developed at an average of 25 months after trabeculectomy. It was seen in patients aged 2–3 with a frequency of 9, whereas 5 years after, 77 patients had improved vision, with a postoperative visual acuity of 6/18-6/6. Conclusion: Postoperatively, the patients had satisfying surgical outcomes as a result of the decrease in preoperative IOP. Although postoperative complications occurred, they had no effect on the surgical outcomes because they were temporary and not optically threatening. In our experience, trabeculectomy is an effective and safe procedure for achieving IOP control.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of Mooren’s ulcer: a 2-year retrospective cohort study

“…Although a 100% success was not achieved in this study, our data showed good management outcomes, which are comparable to similar studies that reported a good response to the management strategies [22,26] . Moore's ulcer, like cataracts [27] and glaucoma [28] , poses a possible blindness danger that is being treated and controlled in our facility with the goal of providing holistic eye care. The major challenge in managing Mooren's ulcer perforations with patch graft is the recurrence of the ulcer in grafted material [20,24] .…”