A 5G/Sub-Terahertz Heterogeneous Communication Network

Torkaman, Pouya; Yadav, Govind Sharan; Wang, Po-Chuan; Lu, Tung-Yu; Miao, Xuan-Wei; Hsiao, Fang-Sung; Feng, Kai-Ming; Yang, Shang-Hua

doi:10.1109/access.2022.3184312

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Separating numerous overlapping spectra and predicting water level can be thought of as a regression problem, and a DNN is proposed to solve this problem. Recently, the DNN achieved cutting-edge performance in a variety of domains, including image recognition [ 23 ], 6G communication [ 24 ], recommendation systems [ 25 ], and visual art processing [ 26 ]. A DNN model consists of three main layers: input, hidden, and output.…”

Section: Dnn Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Accuracy and Cost-Effective Fiber Optic Liquid Level Sensing System Based on Deep Neural Network

Dejband

Manie

Deng

et al. 2023

Sensors

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In this paper, a novel liquid level sensing system is proposed to enhance the capacity of the sensing system, as well as reduce the cost and increase the sensing accuracy. The proposed sensing system can monitor the liquid level of several points at the same time in the sensing unit. Additionally, for cost efficiency, the proposed system employs only one sensor at each spot and all the sensors are multiplexed. In multiplexed systems, when changing the liquid level inside the container, the float position is changed and leads to an overlap or cross-talk between two sensors. To solve this overlap problem and to accurately predict the liquid level of each container, we proposed a deep neural network (DNN) approach to properly identify the water level. The performance of the proposed DNN model is evaluated via two different scenarios and the result proves that the proposed DNN model can accurately predict the liquid level of each point. Furthermore, when comparing the DNN model with the conventional machine learning schemes, including random forest (RF) and support vector machines (SVM), the DNN model exhibits the best performance.

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Section: Dnn Model Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Accuracy and Cost-Effective Fiber Optic Liquid Level Sensing System Based on Deep Neural Network

Dejband

Manie

Deng

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…In recent years, with the increasing maturity of terahertz technology, terahertz waves have been widely used in many application systems, such as terahertz detection [ 1 , 2 ], sensing [ 3 , 4 ], communication [ 5 , 6 ], and radar [ 7 , 8 ]. Especially in the application of 5G communication [ 9 , 10 ] and the technological development of 6G communication [ 11 , 12 ] in the future, terahertz communication technology has been widely considered by countries all over the world. However, due to the lack of suitable unidirectional transmission devices, the terahertz echoes caused by the reflections and scattering in these systems bring a lot of noise to the system’s operation and even danger to the key components, such as the light sources and detectors, thus severely limiting improvements to the performance of terahertz systems [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Metamaterial Quarter-Wave Plate and Its Application in Blocking the Backward Reflection of Terahertz Waves

Sun¹,

Liu²,

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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A terahertz flexible metamaterial quarter-wave plate (QWP) is designed and fabricated using polyimide as the substrate in this paper, with a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 0.51 THz and high polarization conversion efficiency and transmittance. The effect of the incidence angle on the polarization conversion performance of the QWP is discussed by measuring the transmissions at multiple incidence angles. The blocking effect of this QWP combined with a polarizer on the backward reflection of terahertz waves is investigated by terahertz time-domain spectral transmission experiments. By adjusting the angle of the QWP and polarizer with respect to the incident light in the optical path, a blocking efficiency of 20 dB can be achieved at a 20° incidence angle, with a bandwidth of 0.25 THz, a maximum blocking efficiency of 58 dB at 1.73 THz, and an insertion loss of only 1.4 dB. Flexible terahertz metamaterial QWPs and polarizers can effectively block harmful reflected waves in terahertz communication and other systems. They have the advantages of a simple structure, ultra-thinness and flexibility, easy integration, no external magnetic field, and no low-temperature and other environmental requirements, thus having broad application prospects for terahertz on-chip integrated systems.

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“…Its abundance of spectrum resources, wide bandwidth, high-speed capabilities, and robust confidentiality make it a compelling candidate. 7,8 Waveguide filters are one of the important devices in terahertz communication systems, which have the advantages of high efficiency, compact size, and large bandwidth. These advantages are essential to realizing miniaturized, high-speed, and high-capacity terahertz communication systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subterahertz band has a promising future in 5G/B5G networks. Its abundance of spectrum resources, wide bandwidth, high‐speed capabilities, and robust confidentiality make it a compelling candidate 7,8 . Waveguide filters are one of the important devices in terahertz communication systems, which have the advantages of high efficiency, compact size, and large bandwidth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper micromachined WR‐2.2 band waveguide and bandpass filter

Shi,

Wen,

Yang

et al. 2023

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This paper presents a WR‐2.2 band (330–500 GHz) waveguide with E‐plane bends and a waveguide bandpass filter. A micro‐metal additive manufacturing technology employs copper to process these devices. This technology includes several micromachining processes, which can produce integrated, miniaturized, and complex three‐dimensional metal microstructures when meeting the process constraints. To successfully apply this technology to the fabrication of terahertz waveguide devices, many design details are considered. First, the E‐plane bent transition structures in the waveguide overcome size limitations imposed by the manufacturing process, allowing for accurate measurement using standard waveguide interfaces. Second, the rectangular resonators compose the fifth‐order waveguide bandpass filter spanning 20 GHz with a center frequency of 380 GHz. Given that the excess photoresist needs to be removed, some release holes are designed in the proper positions of the filter. Third, to increase the uniformity of the device layout and improve the machining quality in the electroforming process, a lot of rectangular holes are arranged around the device. By adopting a meticulous and novel design method in accordance with the process advantages and limitations, the fabrication accuracy of the device size is greatly increased. The integrated filter with exceptional performance is obtained. The measured average insertion loss within the passband is better than 1.2 dB, and the return loss exceeds 15 dB. Additionally, the filter demonstrates a center frequency offset of approximately 0.5%. Good consistency between simulation and measurement shows the validity of design and fabrication.

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A 5G/Sub-Terahertz Heterogeneous Communication Network

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

High Accuracy and Cost-Effective Fiber Optic Liquid Level Sensing System Based on Deep Neural Network

High Accuracy and Cost-Effective Fiber Optic Liquid Level Sensing System Based on Deep Neural Network

Flexible Metamaterial Quarter-Wave Plate and Its Application in Blocking the Backward Reflection of Terahertz Waves

Copper micromachined WR‐2.2 band waveguide and bandpass filter

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