A 6-year review of new psychoactive substances at the Centre antipoison Grand-Ouest d’Angers: Clinical and biological data

Turcant, Alain; Deguigne, Marie; Ferec, Séverine; Bruneau, Chloé; Leborgne, Isabelle; Lelievre, Benedicte; Gegu, Clément; Jegou, Florence; Abbara, Chadi; Roux, Gaël Le; Boels, D.

doi:10.1016/j.toxac.2016.12.001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The most common neurological and psychiatric effects include agitation and anxiety, cognitive disorders, visual and auditory hallucinations, delusions, aggressive and erratic conduct, paranoia, psychosis, and seizures. Cases of stroke, encephalopathy, coma, and convulsions have also been reported [137][138][139][140][141]. Concerning cardiac effects, chest pain, hypertension, tachycardia, and cardiac arrest are documented [101].…”

Section: Synthetic Cathinonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

Simão

Antunes

Cabral

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The emergence of new psychoactive substances has earned a great deal of attention, and several reports of acute poisoning and deaths have been issued involving, for instance, synthetic opiates. In recent years, there have been profound alterations in the legislation concerning consumption, marketing, and synthesis of these compounds; rapid alert systems have also been subject to changes, and new substances and new markets, mainly through the internet, have appeared. Their effects and how they originate in consumers are still mostly unknown, primarily in what concerns chronic toxicity. This review intends to provide a detailed description of these substances from the point of view of consumption, toxicokinetics, and health consequences, including case reports on intoxications in order to help researchers and public health agents working daily in this area.

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Section: Synthetic Cathinonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Implications of New Psychoactive Substances in Public Health

Simão

Antunes

Cabral

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The organic phase was washed with brine and dried using anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Methyl (E)-2-(2-methoxy-5-(2-nitroprop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)acetate (5) was obtained as a yellow amorphous solid in a 71% yield (0.58 g). IR(ATR) ν max (cm −1 ): 2923 (C-H sp 3 ), 1505 (C=C aromatic), 1261 (C-N), 1066 (C-O ether); To a 25 mL round-bottom flask equipped with a stir bar was added methyl (E)-2-(2-methoxy-5-(2-nitroprop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)acetate (5) (0.130 g; 0.51 mmol) and ethanol (11 mL), and the solution was cooled to −20 • C. After 10 min, NaBH 4 (47 mg; 1.3 mmol; 2.5 eq) was slowly added and the solution stirred for 1 h. Then, acetic acid (1 mL) was added, and the solution was allowed to rise to room temperature, followed by the addition of 10 mL of water and 20 mL of ethyl acetate.…”

Section: Methyl 2-(5-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl)acetate (4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These benzofurans have a similar chemical structure to MDMA (ecstasy) and MDA (Figure 1), two well-known illicit drugs [3,4]. Due to their popularity among users, reports of serious intoxication, including some fatalities, have emerged (there have been several fatal cases of the simultaneous consumption of 5-APB and 6-APB) [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Similar to MDMA and MDA, 5-APB and 6-APB are known for their entactogenic effects, which is a primary reason for their popularity among users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of 2-(5-(2-Aminopropyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic Acid, a Metabolite of the Drug 5-APB

Silva

Fino

Ferreira

et al. 2023

Molbank

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5-(2-Aminopropyl)benzofuran (5-APB), also known as “Benzo Fury,” is a novel psychoactive substance (NPS) belonging to a new class of synthetic phenethylamines. It acts by disrupting serotonergic circuits as a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor and is classified as an entactogen, similar to MDMA and MDA. Despite its popularity among users, recent toxicity events have been associated with the consumption of 5-APB and other benzofurans, highlighting the need for a better understanding of their pharmacodynamics and toxicity. One way to achieve this is by developing the synthesis of 5-APB metabolites as biomarkers of exposure. In this study, we present a six-step synthesis for one of the 5-APB metabolites, 2-(5-(2-aminopropyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid (1), involving methylation, formylation, Aldol-type condensation, reduction, and hydrolysis reactions. The compound was obtained in an overall yield of 11%.

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“…Due to the universality, importance, and urgency of qualitative and quantitative analyses of KET, almost all known analytical methods have been used for its detection. The classical methods for analyzing KET are chromatography, including gas chromatography (GC); [16][17][18][19] liquid chromatography (LC); [19][20][21] gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 22,23 and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). [24][25][26][27] Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was further developed into gas chromatography-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%