A 60GHz digitally controlled RF beamforming array in 65nm CMOS with off-chip antennas

Lin, S.C.; Ng, Kung Bo; Wong, Hang; Luk, Kwai Man; Wong, S.S.; Poon, Ada S. Y.

doi:10.1109/rfic.2011.5940602

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Related work: Our approach of explicit estimation followed by weight computation is a stark contrast to implicit adaptation using classical least squares techniques. It also differs from recent codebook-based approaches to 60 GHz RF beamforming [1], [2]. The latter do not, for example, provide enough information for interference suppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Compressive adaptation of large steerable arrays

Ramasamy

Venkateswaran

Madhow

2012

2012 Information Theory and Applications Workshop

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Abstract-We consider the problem of adapting very large antenna arrays (e.g., with 1000 elements or more) for tasks such as beamforming and nulling, motivated by emerging applications at very high carrier frequencies in the millimeter (mm) wave band and beyond, where the small wavelengths make it possible to pack a very large number of antenna elements (e.g., realized as a printed circuit array) into nodes with compact form factors. Conventional least squares techniques, which rely on access to baseband signals for individual array elements, do not apply. Hence the preferred approach is to perform radio frequency (RF) beamsteering, with a single complex baseband signal emerging from a receive array, or going into a transmit array. Further, we are interested in what can be achieved with coarse-grained control of individual elements (e.g., four-phase, or even binary phase, control). In this paper, we propose an adaptation architecture matched to these hardware constraints. Our approach comprises the following two steps. The first step is compressive estimation of a sparse spatial channel using a small number of measurements, each using a different set of randomized weights. However, unlike the standard compressive sensing formulation, we are interested in estimating continuousvalued parameters such as the angles of arrivals of various paths. The second step is quantized beamsteering, where weights for beamforming and nulling, subject to the constraint of severe quantization, are computed using the channel estimates from the first step. We provide promising preliminary results illustrating the efficacy of this approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Compressive adaptation of large steerable arrays

Ramasamy

Venkateswaran

Madhow

2012

2012 Information Theory and Applications Workshop

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“…Moreover, to compensate the low output power of the CMOS transmitters and the high space attenuation, beam forming techniques were studied by many designers [9]- [10]. In this work, in order to realize the required beam forming, two 60 GHz 1×2 and 2×2 dipoles and one 1×2 bowtie array antennas are proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband cavity-backed antenna arrays on glass substrate for 60 GHz application

Mortazavi

Esfahani

Hamidian

et al. 2014

2014 11th European Radar Conference

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In this paper design concepts for compact broadband printed V-Band 2×1 bowtie, 2×1 and 2×2 dipole array antennas, suitable for millimeter wave (mm-Wave) applications, are presented. The antennas are designed on a planar quartz glass substrate. The center frequencies of the array antennas are set to 60 GHz. Optimization techniques for improving antennas impedance matching and overall gain are also presented. Simulated and measured impedance matching and far field radiation patterns for all three antenna arrays are shown and discussed. An air cavity has been embedded in the quartz glass stack to improve antenna bandwidth and radiation efficiency. Both dipole structures have about 8.5 dBi measured gain, while the bowtie antenna shows 7 dBi. Their bandwidth is about 10 GHz. All three designs achieve over 10 % bandwidth while maintaining better than 90 % efficiency. A prototype of the antennas was successfully manufactured and tested.

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“…There continues to be progress in the development of cost-effective millimeter-wave phased arrays aimed at such applications; see, e.g., [1]- [6] and the references therein. Within the broader realm of ongoing research, some efforts are focused primarily on exploiting increasing levels of silicon integration, while other efforts primarily seek to exploit the increasing availability of inexpensive digital circuitry and processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense Delta-Sigma Phased Arrays

Krieger

Yeang²,

Wornell

2013

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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The high cost of high-resolution phase shifters required to maintain precise control over the array beam pattern in traditional phased arrays preclude their use in a variety of emerging millimeter-wave applications. We develop a phased array architecture that obviates the need for such precise phase shifters, based on the use of sub-half-wavelength array element spacing and novel spatial domain delta-sigma processing. We characterize the performance of this architecture in terms of the array signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) and the array power transfer efficiency, and demonstrate a tradeoff between these two metrics. As an illustrative design, we show that when constrained to two-bit phase shifters, a four-fold increase in the array density can provide a roughly 6 dB improvement in SQNR over standard design techniques, with an average efficiency loss of less than 1.5 dB with respect to a perfectly tuned ideal array. In our analysis, we account for the effects of mutual coupling, and describe a simple, practical impedance matching network for this architecture. The resulting framework allows a system designer with a given set of circuit, device, and antenna fabrication and integration technologies to choose from a spectrum of tradeoffs between array density and RF component complexity.

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A 60GHz digitally controlled RF beamforming array in 65nm CMOS with off-chip antennas

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Compressive adaptation of large steerable arrays

Compressive adaptation of large steerable arrays

Broadband cavity-backed antenna arrays on glass substrate for 60 GHz application

Dense Delta-Sigma Phased Arrays

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