A 77 GHz CMOS low noise amplifier for automotive radar receiver

Abstract

This paper presents the design of a low noise amplifier (LNA) for automotive radar application operating at 76-77 GHz. The LNA consists of 5 cascade common source amplifiers. The output of each stage is positioned close to the gate of the next stage creating a LC resonance output load, therefore complex interstage matching networks are eliminated. Moreover, transmission lines (T Ls) are utilized to create matching and load inductors. As a result, chip size is significantly reduced. The proposed LNA is implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology and measurement results show 11 dB voltage gain, and 7.8 dB noise figure (NF) while dissipating 21.5 mA from 1.2 V supply.

9.99 mW 4.8 dB NF 57-81 GHz CMOS low-noise amplifier for 60 GHz WPAN system and 77 GHz automobile radar system

“…This FOM includes the most relevant parameters for evaluating LNAs for low‐power, high‐gain, low‐noise, and wideband applications. Table is a summary of the implemented 57–81 GHz CMOS LNA, and recently reported state‐of‐the‐art CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS LNAs with operation frequency around 77 GHz in . It is noteworthy that our LNA exhibits both low P DC and one of the lowest NFs and highest FOMs.…”

“…Lately, although several studies have reported excellent 77 GHz (or switchable 60/77‐GHz dual‐band) CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS LNAs , as a whole, the performances of these LNAs are not adequate. For instance, in , a single cascode stage 77–81 GHz LNA in 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS process with current‐gain cutoff frequency/maximum oscillation frequency ( f T / f max ) of 230/280 GHz was demonstrated.…”

“…Though high and flat S 21 of 13.8 ± 0.7 dB and low NF of 6.9 dB were achieved, its P DC of 37 mW was not satisfactory. In , a five CS stages 76–77 GHz LNA in 90 nm CMOS process was demonstrated. Though high S 21 of 11 ± 0.5 dB was achieved, its NF of 7.8 dB and P DC of 25.8 mW were not good enough.…”

A 8-mW 77-GHz band CMOS LNA by using reduced simultaneous noise and impedance matching technique

“…In practice, the number of stages can exceed three [2]- [5]. Therefore, the situation of cascading stages needs to be considered for LNA design at mm-wave frequencies.…”

Low‐power 77–81 GHz CMOS LNA with excellent matching for automotive radars

“…The basic requirements of a LNA include good input and output impedance matching (S 11 and S 22 ), high reverse isolation (S 12 ), high forward gain (S 21 ), a low noise figure (NF) and high power linearity (or phase linearity) and low power consumption (P DC ). Recently, several excellent 77-81 GHz (or 76-77 GHz) CMOS/BiCMOS LNAs have been reported [1][2][3]. However, the overall performances of these LNAs are not satisfactory.…”