2002
DOI: 10.1590/s1415-790x2002000300007
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A aids no Estado de São Paulo: as mudanças no perfil da epidemia e perspectivas da vigilância epidemiológica

Abstract: O HIV, inicialmente vinculado a homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH), particularmente nos países industrializados e na América Latina, disseminou-se rapidamente entre os diversos segmentos, alcançando mulheres, homens com prática heterossexual e crianças. A crescente desigualdade entre países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento reflete-se, tanto na magnitude da propagação do HIV, quanto na mortalidade por aids. Na medida em que se acentuam as diferenças de acesso ao tratamento, diminui a mortalidade por aids … Show more

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Cited by 77 publications
(121 citation statements)
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“…The greater spread of HIV in women in poorer areas has been reported in several studies. 9,10,12,13,15 In addition to greater biological vulnerability to HIV infection, due to the higher prevalence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted diseases and the higher risk of infection in sexual intercourse, there are subjective situations associated with gender inequalities that women are exposed to, especially those from lower social classes. HIV transmission in women increases in populations with lower level of education and income, with limited access to health services and policies to prevent HIV infection, apart from the variables related to the previously mentioned gender inequality.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The greater spread of HIV in women in poorer areas has been reported in several studies. 9,10,12,13,15 In addition to greater biological vulnerability to HIV infection, due to the higher prevalence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted diseases and the higher risk of infection in sexual intercourse, there are subjective situations associated with gender inequalities that women are exposed to, especially those from lower social classes. HIV transmission in women increases in populations with lower level of education and income, with limited access to health services and policies to prevent HIV infection, apart from the variables related to the previously mentioned gender inequality.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the onset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, this disease was predominant in men who had sexual intercourse with other men, bisexual males, white, with a high level of education and who lived in large cities of the Southeastern region of Brazil. 11,12 After the fi rst decades, the epidemiological profi le of the disease changed, with a trend of HIV/AIDS dissemination in heterosexual men, women and children of all social classes, particularly affecting marginalized and vulnerable populations. 6,9,10,13 In a few years, it became one of the main causes of mortality in adults.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The information on AIDS in the country showed an epidemic of multiple dimensions that, over time, has presented deep changes in their evolvement and distribution. It has been demonstrated the importance of heterosexual transmission and characteristics such as the feminization and ageing and pauperization of sick people (14)(15) .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nos primeiros anos da epidemia o município de São Paulo era responsável pela maior proporção de óbitos no estado (60% em 1988); todavia, no período de 1988 a 1997 houve declínio na participação da metrópole com crescimento do número de óbitos no interior do estado (63% em 1997). Ainda assim, os casos de notificação para aids concentraram-se na capital (44%) 14 . Os óbitos relacionados à aids começaram a diminuir a partir de 1996 e 1997, período em que a política de distribuição gratuita de medicações anti-retrovirais passou a ser federal, ainda que o Estado de São Paulo já a praticasse anteriormente.…”
unclassified
“…Os resultados indicaram que a transmissão por via sexual foi proporcionalmente mais importante nos indivíduos com escolaridade alta, para ambos os sexos, enquanto que o uso de drogas injetáveis, em ascensão nos anos 90, foi proporcionalmente mais importante entre os estratos socioeconômicos menos favorecidos (menor escolaridade, menor qualificação profissional) 14 . Tal característica indicaria pauperização da epidemia entre os homens; os autores sugerem que entre as mulheres a aids já se caracterizaria como uma doença de pobres desde o seu início, pois a maioria dos casos ocorria entre mulheres de baixa escolaridade (apenas 4% delas teriam escolaridade superior), com parceiros íntimos usuários de drogas injetáveis.…”
unclassified