A- and B-compensated PLZT x/90/10: Sintering and microstructural analysis

Kuščer, Danjela; Korzekwa, Joanna; Kosec, Marija; Skulski, Ryszard

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2007.04.014

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, the synthesizing of (Pb 1−x Ba x )TiO 3 by the conventional method relies on a solid-state reaction between PbO, BaCO 3 and TiO 3 at high temperature. Fabrication of (Pb 1−x Ba x )TiO 3 ceramics in this way also suffers from the problem of PbO loss because of the high temperature [7]. Evaporation of PbO also changes the properties of the materials due to the change of stoichiometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Formation, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics: Effect of PbO Content

Sumang

Bongkarn

2009

Ferroelectrics

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Monophasic oxides of the formula, (Pb 0.975 Ba 0.025 )TiO 3 with excess PbO (0, 1, 3, 5 and 10 wt%) were prepared by a mixed oxide method. It was found that lead barium titanate powders indexed in a tetragonal structure. The impurity phases were detected in the calcined powders with ≥ 3 wt% of excess PbO. The impurity phases were not present in any ceramic samples. The c/a ratio was decreased with increasing of excess PbO. The average particle size and the average grain size of the PBT increased with increasing of PbO contents. The density can be improved by adding 1 wt% of excess PbO. The DSC results indicated that the Curie point shifted to higher temperature when the excess PbO was higher than 3 wt%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Formation, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics: Effect of PbO Content

Sumang

Bongkarn

2009

Ferroelectrics

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“…To achieve maximum effectiveness, it is recommended to use a design of experiment methods like e.g. in biotechnology (Skrzypczak et al, 1994), phytochemistry (Skrzypczak-Pietraszek and Pietraszek, 2009;Skrzypczak-Pietraszek et al, 2018a;Skrzypczak-Pietraszek et al, 2018b) or materials science (Kuscer et al, 2007;Korzekwa et al,. 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic Systems Safety by Reducing Operation and Maintenance Mistakes

Sobczyk

Pobędza

2019

System Safety: Human - Technical Facility - Environment

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The subject of the article is concern towards hydraulic systems safety improvement by elimination or/and reduction the possible mistakes which could be the reason of operator accidents and damage of the machine and surroundings. The most typical situation which could be present during hydraulic system operation and maintenance have been analysed and classified to help understand its correlation with safety. Finally each of specified danger situation during system operation and/or maintenance contents rules and warning advice to avoid safety risk.

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“…The onsetof-sintering temperature depends strongly on the initial composition of the powder, and it is known that the presence of PbO in the powder shifts the onset temperature to lower values. 32,51 The PbO melts and the sintering process starts as soon as the liquid phase appears in the particular system. 27 These experiments clearly demonstrate that during the EPD process for the PZT-PbO suspension, the PZT as well as the PbO particles move toward the electrode and are deposited on it.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29,30 Sintering in the presence of a PbO liquid phase was exploited in several lead-based thickfilm structures. 26,27,[31][32][33] Excess PbO melts at elevated temperatures and ensures the presence of a liquid phase during the sintering of lead-based perovskite materials. The PbO is required to sublimate from the thick film during the final stage of the sintering to obtain suitable functional properties in the thick films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead–Zirconate–Titanate Thick Films by Electrophoretic Deposition for High‐Frequency Ultrasound Transducers

et al. 2011

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Lead–zirconate–titanate (PZT) thick films for high‐frequency ultrasound applications were fabricated using an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. The PZT powder was synthesized from constituent oxides at close‐to‐room temperature by mechanochemical activation followed by calcination at 700°C. Homogeneous PZT thick films with a thickness of ~30 μm and a density of ~80% were produced from ethanol‐based colloidal suspensions containing PZT and PbO particles that were deposited using a constant‐current mode on a platinized alumina substrate and were sintered in the presence of a liquid phase at temperatures compatible with thick‐film technology. The dielectric, mechanical, and piezoelectric parameters of the PZT thick films with a porosity of ~20% were measured and a thickness‐coupling factor of 48% was obtained. Considering that a PZT thick film is a composite structure consisting of PZT and pores, there are several methods that can be applied to calculate the effective parameters where the composite is considered as a piezoelectric homogeneous material. For this study, a matrix method based on a generalization of 2‐2 connectivity was used to deduce the parameters of a completely dense configuration. Our results confirmed that the EPD process is suitable for the fabrication of efficient, high‐frequency transducers operating at frequencies above 40 MHz.

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A- and B-compensated PLZT x/90/10: Sintering and microstructural analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Phase Formation, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics: Effect of PbO Content

Phase Formation, Microstructure and Phase Transition of Lead Barium Titanate Ceramics: Effect of PbO Content

Hydraulic Systems Safety by Reducing Operation and Maintenance Mistakes

Lead–Zirconate–Titanate Thick Films by Electrophoretic Deposition for High‐Frequency Ultrasound Transducers

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