A Backscatter Channel Sounder Using Tunneling RFID Tags

Increased ranging accuracy of RFID tags in ETSI regions using 53MHz wide dual bands

“…American-based-FCC allows 26 MHz bandwidth (902-928 MHz); European-based ETSI [25] used to allow only 1.8 MHz (865-868 MHz). Multi-frequency methods were therefore mostly demonstrated under FCC rules (even in Europe) due to higher bandwidth [26]- [30], and reached maximum errors of 1 − 2 m. Higher accuracy was obtained using 5.75 − 5.825 GHz band [31]- [34] (50 MHz bandwidth), or using harmonic tags (up to 2 GHz bandwidth). However, these methods do not work with commercial readers and tags [35].…”

“…However, it requires reader customization, and may work only at short distance due to low power. In fact, all the aforementioned studies occurred at distances <6 m, except when using 5.8 GHz tunneling tags [33], [34], [39]. Some studies also used unequal frequency spacing, either picking optimal frequencies in FCC band [28], or bridging the gap between fundamental and harmonic frequencies [35].…”