A Balanced Battery Usage Routing Protocol to Maximize Network Lifetime of MANET Based on AODV

Abstract

Abstract. Energy efficiency is a critical issue for battery-powered mobile devices in ad hoc networks. Failure of node or link allows re-routing and establishing a new path from source to destination which creates extra energy consumption of nodes, sparse network connectivity and a more likelihood occurrences of network partition. Routing based on energy related parameters is one of the important solutions to extend the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we are designing and evaluating a novel energy aware routing protocol called a balanced battery usage routing protocol (BBU) which uses residual energy, hop count and energy threshold as a cost metric to maximize network life time and distribute energy consumption of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) based on Ad hoc on-demand Distance Vector (AODV). The new protocol is simulated using Network Simulator-2.34 and comparisons are made to analyze its performance based on network lifetime, delivery ratio, normalized routing overhead, standard deviation of residual energy of all Nodes and average end to end delay for different network scenarios. The results show that the new energy aware algorithm makes the network active for longer interval of time once it is established and fairly distribute energy consumption across nodes on the network.

Towards green networking: Gossip based balanced battery usage routing protocol to minimize energy consumption of MANETs

“…Proactive protocols inherently consume more energy than the Reactive ones; hence most of the research works involve modifications to reactive protocols. From the reactive routing protocols, most research works reveal that AODV is energy efficient protocols [1,14,18].…”

“…In [1], we proposed a modified version of AODV called BBU-AODV routing protocol for MANETs. The BBU-AODV routing protocol modifies route request packet by adding two additional fields called Minimum Residual Energy and Sum Residual Energy which keeps the minimum remaining energy and the sum of remaining energy along the path between source and destination respectively.…”

“…The proposed BBU_AODV protocol reported in [1] maximizes life time of MANET and distributes load across mobile nodes within a network in a reasonable way than the prior related works. However the route discovery process of BBU-AODV still uses flooding to search a route between source and destination.…”

“…Energy efficiency is an important issue in battery-operated wireless devices that are used in wireless networks. Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a special type of wireless network in which a collection of independent mobile nodes form a temporary network without the aid of any pre-established infrastructure or centralized administration [1][2][3]. In wired networks the assumption is that nodes connected to the network have an unlimited amount of energy, hence energy efficiency is not a concern in protocol design.…”

Computational Technique for Modeling and Clustering of Feedback Control in Galaxies Using Gravitational Thermodynamics

“…A MANET consists of group of independent mobile nodes that can communicate with each other through radio waves [1,2]. The mobile nodes that are in wireless range of each other can directly communicate, whereas others need the help of intermediate nodes to route their packets [3][4][5][6][7]. Each of the node has a wireless interface to communicate with each other.…”