“…The Systematic paleontology section follows the phylogenetic framework resulting from the cladistic analysis, and referrals in open nomenclature follow the criteria of Bengston (1988). The phylogenetic definitions of clades predominantly follow Madzia et al (2018;see Text S1) and the relative stratigraphic ages of taxa of interest are provided in Text S1.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Systematic paleontology section follows the phylogenetic framework resulting from the cladistic analysis, and referrals in open nomenclature follow the criteria of Bengston (1988). The phylogenetic definitions of clades predominantly follow Madzia et al (2018; see Text S1) and the relative stratigraphic ages of taxa of interest are provided in Text S1. Figure 3.Ornithischian dental nomenclature: ( 1 ) crown ornamentation features; ( 2 ) portion of crown surface indicated by large arrow in ( 1 ), showing location of accessory denticles relative to the median denticle on the apical cusp (typically lingual maxillary and labial dentary faces); ( 3 ) variation in crown shape: subtriangular (a), urn-shaped (b), spatulate (c), and rhomboidal/lanceolate (d).…”
The Flat Rocks locality in the Wonthaggi Formation (Strzelecki Group) of the Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia, hosts fossils of a late Barremian vertebrate fauna that inhabited the ancient rift between Australia and Antarctica. Known from its dentary,Qantassaurus intrepidusRich and Vickers-Rich, 1999 has been the only dinosaur named from this locality. However, the plethora of vertebrate fossils collected from Flat Rocks suggests that further dinosaurs await discovery. From this locality, we name a new small-bodied ornithopod,Galleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. from craniodental remains. Five ornithopodan genera are now named from Victoria.Galleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. is known from five maxillae, from which the first description of jaw growth in an Australian dinosaur is provided. The holotype ofGalleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. is the most complete dinosaur maxilla known from Victoria. Micro-CT imagery of the holotype reveals the complex internal anatomy of the neurovascular tract and antorbital fossa. We confirm thatQ. intrepidusis uniquely characterized by a deep foreshortened dentary. Two dentaries originally referred toQ. intrepidusare reassigned toQ.?intrepidusand a further maxilla is referred to cf.Atlascopcosaurus loadsiRich and Rich, 1989. A further ornithopod dentary morphotype is identified, more elongate than those ofQ. intrepidusandQ.?intrepidusand with three more tooth positions. This dentary might pertain toGalleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. Phylogenetic analysis recovered Cretaceous Victorian and Argentinian nonstyracosternan ornithopods within the exclusively Gondwanan clade Elasmaria. However, the large-bodied taxonMuttaburrasaurus langdoniBartholomai and Molnar, 1981 is hypothesised as a basal iguanodontian with closer affinities to dryomorphans than to rhabdodontids.UUID:http://zoobank.org/4af87bb4-b687-42f3-9622-aa806a6b4116
“…The Systematic paleontology section follows the phylogenetic framework resulting from the cladistic analysis, and referrals in open nomenclature follow the criteria of Bengston (1988). The phylogenetic definitions of clades predominantly follow Madzia et al (2018;see Text S1) and the relative stratigraphic ages of taxa of interest are provided in Text S1.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Systematic paleontology section follows the phylogenetic framework resulting from the cladistic analysis, and referrals in open nomenclature follow the criteria of Bengston (1988). The phylogenetic definitions of clades predominantly follow Madzia et al (2018; see Text S1) and the relative stratigraphic ages of taxa of interest are provided in Text S1. Figure 3.Ornithischian dental nomenclature: ( 1 ) crown ornamentation features; ( 2 ) portion of crown surface indicated by large arrow in ( 1 ), showing location of accessory denticles relative to the median denticle on the apical cusp (typically lingual maxillary and labial dentary faces); ( 3 ) variation in crown shape: subtriangular (a), urn-shaped (b), spatulate (c), and rhomboidal/lanceolate (d).…”
The Flat Rocks locality in the Wonthaggi Formation (Strzelecki Group) of the Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia, hosts fossils of a late Barremian vertebrate fauna that inhabited the ancient rift between Australia and Antarctica. Known from its dentary,Qantassaurus intrepidusRich and Vickers-Rich, 1999 has been the only dinosaur named from this locality. However, the plethora of vertebrate fossils collected from Flat Rocks suggests that further dinosaurs await discovery. From this locality, we name a new small-bodied ornithopod,Galleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. from craniodental remains. Five ornithopodan genera are now named from Victoria.Galleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. is known from five maxillae, from which the first description of jaw growth in an Australian dinosaur is provided. The holotype ofGalleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. is the most complete dinosaur maxilla known from Victoria. Micro-CT imagery of the holotype reveals the complex internal anatomy of the neurovascular tract and antorbital fossa. We confirm thatQ. intrepidusis uniquely characterized by a deep foreshortened dentary. Two dentaries originally referred toQ. intrepidusare reassigned toQ.?intrepidusand a further maxilla is referred to cf.Atlascopcosaurus loadsiRich and Rich, 1989. A further ornithopod dentary morphotype is identified, more elongate than those ofQ. intrepidusandQ.?intrepidusand with three more tooth positions. This dentary might pertain toGalleonosaurus dorisaen. gen. n. sp. Phylogenetic analysis recovered Cretaceous Victorian and Argentinian nonstyracosternan ornithopods within the exclusively Gondwanan clade Elasmaria. However, the large-bodied taxonMuttaburrasaurus langdoniBartholomai and Molnar, 1981 is hypothesised as a basal iguanodontian with closer affinities to dryomorphans than to rhabdodontids.UUID:http://zoobank.org/4af87bb4-b687-42f3-9622-aa806a6b4116
“…Despite its small size, the identification of LRF 267 as an Ankylopollexia is at least in keeping with Agnolin et al’s (2010) identification of Muttaburrasaurus langdoni as a member of the Styracosterna, the only Australian taxon assigned to that clade. Agnolin et al’s (2010) assignment—based on a significant number of anatomical features—, however, has not been followed in more recent phylogenetic analyses, where Muttaburrasaurus has been recovered as non-dryomorphan Iguanodontia ( McDonald, 2012 ; Boyd, 2015 ; Dieudonné et al, 2016 ; Madzia, Boyd & Mazuch, 2018 ). Given that most studies that have included Muttaburrasaurus in a phylogenetic analysis have done so based on casts of the poorly-preserved holotype, pending the full redescription of Muttaburrasaurus (M. Herne et al, 2018, unpublished data) we regard the position of Muttaburrasaurus as equivocal at this stage.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The phylogenetic positions of Weewarrasaurus pobeni gen et sp. nov. and an unpublished Lightning Ridge iguanodontian (LRF 3050) were assessed within a recently published ornithischian matrix of Boyd (2015 ; including modifications by Madzia, Boyd & Mazuch, 2018 ) that broadly samples Neornithischia ( File S1 ). The characters were equally weighted and analysed in TNT (version 1.5; Goloboff & Catalano, 2016 ).…”
During the Early Cretaceous, dinosaur communities of the Australian-Antarctic rift system (Eumeralla and Wonthaggi formations) cropping out in Victoria were apparently dominated by a diverse small-bodied ‘basal ornithopod’ fauna. Further north, in Queensland (Winton and Mackunda formations), poorly-represented small-bodied ornithopods coexisted with large-bodied iguanodontians. Our understanding of the ornithopod diversity from the region between the Australian-Antarctic rift and Queensland, represented by Lightning Ridge in central-northern New South Wales (Griman Creek Formation), has been superficial. Here, we re-investigate the ornithopod diversity at Lightning Ridge based on new craniodental remains. Our findings indicate a diverse ornithopod fauna consisting of two-to-three small-bodied non-iguanodontian ornithopods (including Weewarrasaurus pobeni gen. et sp. nov.), at least one indeterminate iguanodontian, and a possible ankylopollexian. These results support those of previous studies that favour a general abundance of small-bodied basal ornithopods in Early to mid-Cretaceous high-latitude localities of southeastern Australia. Although these localities are not necessarily time-equivalent, increasing evidence indicates that Lightning Ridge formed a ‘meeting point’ between the basal ornithopod-dominated localities in Victoria and the sauropod-iguanodontian faunas in Queensland to the north.
“…The matrix for "basal" Ornithopoda consisted of 135 characters for 69 taxa (Madzia 2017). We examined the 26 taxa with at least 50% of their character states known.…”
Section: Doran Et Al ◀ Dinosaur Baraminology ▶ 2018 Iccmentioning
The Dinosauria pose both interesting and challenging questions for creationist systematists. One question is whether new dinosaur discoveries are closing morphospatial gaps between dinosaurian groups, revealing continuous morphological fossil series, such as between coelurosaurians and avialans. Questions such as these underscore the importance of systematics for resolving correct group memberships, including tools for visualizing morphospatial relationships. Baraminic distance correlation (BDC), three-dimensional multidimensional scaling (MDS), and a new method to baraminic studies -principal component analysis (PCA) -were applied to 18 character matrices from 2004. The data included saurischian and ornithischian dinosaur groups including (1) "basal" Saurischia, (2) Ceratosauria (including Coelophysidae), (3) "basal" Tetanurae, (4) Tyrannosauroidea, (5) "Prosauropoda", (6) Sauropoda, (7) Maniraptoriformes, (8) Therizinosauroidea, and (9) Oviraptorosauria. The ornithischians included (10) "basal" Thyreophora, (11) Stegosauria, (12) Ankylosauria, (13) "basal" Ornithopoda, (14) "basal" Iguanodontia, (15) Hadrosauridae, (16) Pachycephalosauria, (17) "basal" Ceratopsia, and (18) Ceratopsidae. BDC and MDS revealed several potential holobaramins and apobaramins, and PCA identified some divisions not recognized by the traditional methods, but since the datasets are 14 years old, many important taxa are missing.As a result, we performed PCA on 19 newer datasets (from 2009 to 2018) and compared the results, which revealed a substantially clearer picture since only 2004. Dinosaur group ordinations commonly occur within morphospatial clusters or linear series. Holobaramins were revealed mainly as closely-spaced morphospatial series of taxa. Some series were additionally stratomorphic. Assuming holobaramins are discontinuity-bounded morphospatial series of taxa, we estimate 27 potential holobaramins within the newer data. PCA revealed that bird-dinosaur morphospatial relationships vary by dataset. Paravians likely contain two branching morphoseries, connected at the base by dromaeosaurs and avialans. The two morphoseries are functional/ecological, rather than evolutionary. Multivariate analysis offers the potential to improve our understanding of baramins and discontinuity, and provide a new perspective on questions in creation systematics such as bird-dinosaur relationships.
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