A battery-fuel cell hybrid auxiliary power unit for trucks: Analysis of direct and indirect hybrid configurations

Samsun, Remzi Can; Krupp, Carsten; Baltzer, Sidney; Gnörich, Bruno; Peters, Ralf; Stolten, Detlef

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.09.025

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, research on fuel cell systems with on-board fuel processing for vehicle propulsion was halted due their high complexity [13]. The technology can still be used for power supply to mobile systems during idling [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Instead of fossil fuels, biofuels could be employed by Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs).…”

Section: General Overview Of Future Power Train Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

et al. 2021

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Achieving the CO2 reduction targets for 2050 requires extensive measures being undertaken in all sectors. In contrast to energy generation, the transport sector has not yet been able to achieve a substantive reduction in CO2 emissions. Measures for the ever more pressing reduction in CO2 emissions from transportation include the increased use of electric vehicles powered by batteries or fuel cells. The use of fuel cells requires the production of hydrogen and the establishment of a corresponding hydrogen production system and associated infrastructure. Synthetic fuels made using carbon dioxide and sustainably-produced hydrogen can be used in the existing infrastructure and will reach the extant vehicle fleet in the medium term. All three options require a major expansion of the generation capacities for renewable electricity. Moreover, various options for road freight transport with light duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) are analyzed and compared. In addition to efficiency throughout the entire value chain, well-to-wheel efficiency and also other aspects play an important role in this comparison. These include: (a) the possibility of large-scale energy storage in the sense of so-called ‘sector coupling’, which is offered only by hydrogen and synthetic energy sources; (b) the use of the existing fueling station infrastructure and the applicability of the new technology on the existing fleet; (c) fulfilling the power and range requirements of the long-distance road transport.

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Section: General Overview Of Future Power Train Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

et al. 2021

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“…This could be managed by an external control system, allowing modifications in the operating conditions of the batteries and/or the fuel cell. In consequence, careful design and integration of fuel cells and batteries is required to ensure a similar voltage range operation and proper charging conditions of the batteries from the fuel cell [6,17,18]. Table 1 shows a comparison of active and passive hybrid power systems, with batteries and a fuel cell, summarizing the main advantages and disadvantages for each configuration.…”

Section: Introduction To Passive Hybrid Power Systems In Unmanned Vehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of a passive fuel cell/battery hybrid power system for an unmanned ground vehicle

González

Cuesta

Vivas

et al. 2019

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Unmanned vehicles are increasing the performance of monitoring and surveillance in several applications. Endurance is a key issue in these systems, in particular in electric vehicles, powered at present mainly by batteries. Hybrid power systems based on batteries and fuel cells have the potential to achieve high energy density and specific energy, increasing also the life time and safe operating conditions of the power system. The objective of this research is to analyze the performance of a passive hybrid power system, designed and developed to be integrated into an existing Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV). The proposed solution is based on six LiPo cells, connected in series, and a 200 W PEM fuel cell stack, directly connected in parallel to the battery without any limitation to its charge. The paper presents the characterization of the system behavior, and shows the main results in terms of performance and energy management.

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“…The main goal of this hybridization is to supply the power peaks with an energy storage device and benefit from the regenerative braking mechanism. Different hybridization configurations can be found in literature . In Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can lead to the presence of higher power ripples at the FC side and consequently increase the degradation rate of the stack. In , the comparison of active and passive hybrid configurations of FC and battery, as an auxiliary power unit of trucks, reveals that the direct coupling of FC and battery has a better performance as long as the demanded power does not have substantial variations. However, marked fluctuations of the demanded power can make the FC operate in low‐efficiency regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive and Active Coupling Comparison of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor for a Three‐Wheel Electric Vehicle

et al. 2019

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The desire to reduce the power electronics related issues has turned the attentions to passive coupling of powertrain components in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs). In the passive coupling, the fuel cell (FC) stack is directly connected to an energy storage system on the DC bus as opposed to the active configuration where a DC‐DC converter couples the FC stack to the DC bus. This paper compares the use of passive and active couplings in a three‐wheel FCHEV to reveal their strengths and weaknesses. In this respect, a passive configuration, using a FC stack and a supercapacitor, is suggested first through formulating a sizing problem. Subsequently, the components are connected in an active configuration where an optimized fuzzy energy management strategy is used to split the power between the components. The performance of the vehicle is compared at each case in terms of capital cost and trip cost, which is composed of FC degradation and hydrogen consumption, and total cost of the system per hour. The obtained results show the superior performance of the passive configuration by 17% in terms of total hourly cost, while the active one only results in less degradation rate in the FC system.

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A battery-fuel cell hybrid auxiliary power unit for trucks: Analysis of direct and indirect hybrid configurations

Cited by 37 publications

References 30 publications

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

Experimental evaluation of a passive fuel cell/battery hybrid power system for an unmanned ground vehicle

Passive and Active Coupling Comparison of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor for a Three‐Wheel Electric Vehicle

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