A beamforming-based joint estimation method for gas pipeline leak localization

Zheng, Xiaoliang; Wang, Qiang; Xue, Sheng; Zheng, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109264

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Since it is difficult to explore the airflow conditions of each part by experimental methods owing to the complexity of the mixer structure, most researchers use numerical simulation to investigate the airflow mixing conditions. Zheng et al 42 studied the uniformity of the airborne effluent from the chimney of the nuclear power plant using CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) method, concluding that the square pipe has better mixing property than the circular pipe, and adding elbow can enhance mixing. Yang et al 43 discovered the mixing characteristics of the industrial water transmission pipeline with round sections and twisted pipes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on mixing characteristics of multichamber static mixer

Shi

Liu

2023

Engineering Reports

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This study presents a specialized mixer design for gas burners aimed at improving the efficiency of phase mixing while minimizing system resistance and energy consumption. The proposed design utilizes a multi‐cavity mixer employing both radial and axial mixing techniques, eliminating the need for additional power supply. Full premixed combustion of small gas‐fired industrial boiler has the function of “inhibiting” NOx emission from the source, and good mixing of fuel and combustion supporting air in the early stage is the primary prerequisite for realizing full premixed combustion denitration. In this article, a radial multichamber static mixer is designed following the characteristics of full premixed mixing in gas‐fired industrial boilers. The results demonstrate that the maximum pressure drop of the static mixer is 806 Pa; for gas and air branch pipes, the resistance coefficient f decreases rapidly with the increase in Reynolds number; when Re ≥ 1.2 × 103, the resistance coefficient in the air branch pipe decreases slowly; when Re ≥ 4.5 × 103, the resistance coefficient of gas branch pipe decreases slowly. Additionally, the maximum calculation error of symmetrical gas branch pipe is 9.1%. The static mixer's inlet exhibits a converted velocity of 24 m/s, and the outlet demonstrates an airflow velocity of 23.2 m/s. As a result, a kinetic energy loss of 6.5% is observed. The static mixing chamber makes the airflow rotate and causes different gases to shear and mix. The mixing channel has the function of correcting the airflow deviation, especially for the sudden expansion section. Generally, the two gases can be mixed evenly at the outlet of the mixer. The standard k‐e model and realizable k‐e model are employed to simulate the sudden expansion channel, and indicate that the standard k‐e has a wider range of influence. Further investigation is recommended to better comprehend and optimize this particular area of influence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on mixing characteristics of multichamber static mixer

Shi

Liu

2023

Engineering Reports

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“…However, defect localization poses significant challenges. To address this issue, recent advancements in acoustic imaging, employing arrays of multiple microphones [15,16], have shown great potential in machinery fault diagnosis and sound source localization [17][18][19]. Recognizing the applicability of this technique, acoustic imaging technology has gained traction for locating and diagnosing defects in dry-type transformers [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localization of mechanical and electrical defects in dry-type transformers using an optimized acoustic imaging approach

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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This paper presents an acoustic imaging localization system designed to pinpoint common defects in dry-type transformers by analyzing the unique sounds they produce during operation. The system includes an optimized microphone array and an improved multiple signal classification algorithm. Sound signal characteristics of typical defects, such as foreign object intrusion, screw loosening, and partial discharge, are investigated. A 64-element, 8-arm spiral microphone array is designed using a particle swarm optimization algorithm. The multiple signal classification algorithm enhances acoustic imaging quality in field environments by transforming the input from time-domain to preprocessed frequency-domain signals. The power spectra of subarray and main array are combined, forming the optimization algorithm’s output. Experimental results demonstrate the system’s effectiveness and accuracy.

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“…The application of the beamforming method requires prior information on the free-field wave velocity, although this information can either be calculated from theoretical models and ground properties measurements or estimated insitu with other types of experimental techniques [5]. Zheng et al [6] applied the beamforming algorithm to estimate the wave speed and then detect leak position along a gas pipeline for different number of sensors. The measurements were made directly on the pipe wall by accelerometers in a no-buried condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Numerical Simulation for the Development of a Seismic Camera

Casado

Rustighi²,

Fontanari³

et al. 2022

Mechanisms and Machine Science

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The acoustic camera is an established and highly effective device for localising acoustic sources by the use of a number of simultaneously acquired signals from an array of pressure sensors (microphones). The acoustic camera essentially provides for a highly directional sensor in which the signals arriving from the noise source in the steered main beam of the array are highly amplified relative to the background noise, which arrives at the camera from all directions outside the main beam and is therefore suppressed. The underlying principle of the acoustic camera is the beamforming data processing method which is widely applied in sensor array configurations and acts as a spatial filtering operation. The long term vision of the team is to develop an analogous device, termed here seismic camera, which allow to locate the direction of the noise sources generated from water leaks. This is an array of 3-axis geophones distributed on the ground in the vicinity of the suspected leak to localise and quantify water leaks with significantly greater accuracy and reliability than conventional methods that use just two sensors either side of the leak. The seismic camera differs from the acoustic camera since the array of data is vectorial (three axis geophones provide velocities instead of a scalar pressure field), two or more wave types (compressional, shear and surface waves) propagate simultaneously and the soil properties varies greatly with location, type and condition. In this preliminary feasibility study a time-domain solution calculated from the analytical elasticity equations is considered to generate the numerical data. The wave field is composed by spherical compressional waves radiating directly from the leak which is modelled here as a spherical cavity of radius a. The obtained numerical data is elaborated in order to look at the implementation of the Delay-and-Sum beamforming algorithm for the detection of the leak. Finally, the effects of wave reflection caused by a free surface and the sensor direction of measurement are discussed and it is shown that the beamforming algorithm works better and more precisely in infinity medium models, although the half-space model still presents satisfactory result.

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A beamforming-based joint estimation method for gas pipeline leak localization

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Study on mixing characteristics of multichamber static mixer

Study on mixing characteristics of multichamber static mixer

Localization of mechanical and electrical defects in dry-type transformers using an optimized acoustic imaging approach

Preliminary Numerical Simulation for the Development of a Seismic Camera

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