A Behavioral Analysis of Dog Bites to Children

Mathews, Judith R.; Lattal, Kennon A.

doi:10.1097/00004703-199402000-00008

Cited by 63 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Los niños más pequeños pueden ser más vulnerables a ser mordidos debido a su limitada experiencia, habilidad y capacidad de defensa frente al ataque de un perro 36 . Tienden más a abrazar a los perros, coger su cara y su cabeza, lo que puede provocar respuestas agresivas por desafiar inadvertidamente al perro o irrumpir en su territorio 37 . Los niños no saben reconocer las señales que preceden a un ataque.…”

Section: Características De La Víctimaunclassified

Aspectos epidemiológicos de las mordeduras caninas

2005

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REVISIÓN ResumenLas mordeduras de animales a personas suponen un importante problema de salud pública. Dentro de éstas, las más frecuentes son las producidas por perros. Un primer paso necesario en la prevención de este tipo de accidentes es conocer los factores de riesgo implicados.El presente trabajo revisa la bibliografía más relevante en cuanto a la incidencia, los factores de riesgo y la prevención de las mordeduras de perros en personas. Así, según las características de las víctimas, se revisan determinados aspectos, como la edad, el sexo, la localización y la gravedad de las lesiones. En relación con los perros agresores, se describen las razas implicadas y el historial previo del animal. Igualmente, se describen los contextos en que se producen las mordeduras, en relación con la fecha, el número de perros, los lugares más frecuentes, la relación e interacción víctima-perro y la participación de las distintas categorías de agresividad del etograma canino.En el último apartado se recogen las recomendaciones más habituales halladas en la bibliografía para prevenir y reducir la incidencia de mordeduras sobre la población general. Palabras clave: Perro. Mordedura de perro. Rabia. Agresividad. Estudios epidemiológicos. Factores de riesgo. Salud pú-blica. Comportamiento animal. AbstractAnimal bites in humans are an important public health problem. Most of these bites are dog bites. The first step in preventing this kind of accident is to identify the associated risk factors.The present article reviews the most important published articles on the incidence of dog bites, their risk factors, and preventive measures. Concerning victim profiles, features such as age, sex, location, and the severity of the wounds are reviewed. Regarding dogs, the most frequent breeds involved and the dog's previous history of aggression are described. In addition, the different contexts in which bites occur are reported. Thus, factors such as dates, number of dogs, places, victim-dog relationship and interaction, and the distinct involved categories of aggression of the canine ethogram are reviewed.The most frequent recommendations found in the literature to reduce and prevent dog bites in the human population are also described. (Epidemiological aspects of dog bites)Introducción L as mordeduras de animales a las personas deberían considerarse un importante problema de salud pública 1 , tanto por las lesiones que infringen como por la repercusión social y el deterioro del bienestar personal que suponen.Por otra parte, el número de mascotas, y en concreto el de perros, va en aumento 2,3 . Según estudios realizados en distintos países, los perros son los responsables del 60-95% de todas las mordeduras 4-8 . Este hecho sitúa a las mordeduras caninas entre los 12 accidentes principales que causan lesiones en las personas 9 .Hay estudios epidemiológicos que reflejan un aumento de estos incidentes durante los últimos años. Este aumento puede deberse en parte a que la población es más consciente del problema, por lo que se produce un increm...

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Section: Características De La Víctimaunclassified

Aspectos epidemiológicos de las mordeduras caninas

2005

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“…For purposes of this paper, a dog bite mark will be defined as any break in the skin caused by a dog's teeth, regardless of the intention [19]. Only skin bite mark analysis will be discussed as inanimate objects are seldom involved.…”

Section: The Analysis/individualisation Of Dog Bite Marksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The individualisation of a dog bite mark: a case study highlighting the bite mark analysis, with emphasis on differences between dog and human bite marks

Bernitz

Bernitz²,

Steenkamp

et al. 2011

Int J Legal Med

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A person who keeps or controls a dog in his own interest is liable "without fault" should that dog cause harm to any person. By owning a dog, man welcomes into his home a beast that preserves much of its primordial self, and is capable of inflicting a fatal bite wound. The courts may require the forensic expert to identify which specific dog caused the damage or fatal bite in an effort to establish the owner/controller of the animal. Very little has been published on the individualisation of dog bite marks, the procedures to be followed when confronted with usable bite marks and the range of analysis techniques available. The authors advocate a multidisciplinary approach, and utilise a case study to demonstrate the protocol to be followed when analysing a dog bite mark. The paper also highlights differences between human and dog inflicted bites. The authors warn against over interpretation of poor quality bite marks and a final conclusion of absolute certainty.

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“…In addition, dogs may attack if they perceive that their food is being threatened, if there is increase in surrounding physical activity or noise, if they feel that their position in a family is being jeopardized by children or a new infant, or if they are frightened or ill. 18 Many dogs involved in fatal attacks have been known to bite or show aggression previously, and most attacks involve young, male dogs. 5,21 The 3 dogs that had eaten parts of their victims in the reported cases were all male. Fatal dog-pack attacks are rare, accounting for 6.9% of cases, and are associated with lack of socialization with humans and prior group predation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…3 Children aged 5 years or less are more likely to have provoked dogs than older children, and boys aged 5 to 9 years are the most likely to sustain nonlethal bites. 4,5 Playing with dogs may initiate attacks. Fatal dog attacks most often involve those who are less able to defend themselves, such as the elderly or the very young.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive and Mutilating Craniofacial Trauma Involving Defleshing and Decapitation

Tsokos¹,

Byard²,

Püschel³

2007

American Journal of Forensic Medicine &Amp; Pathology

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Four cases of fatal dog attacks are reported in 3 children aged 6, 10, and 11 years and in an infant aged 3 weeks. The cases were all characterized by extensive and mutilative stripping of soft tissues from the face and scalp, progressing to decapitation in the infant. The attacks were highly focused, involving 2 dogs in all but 1 case, with the area of trauma localized to the craniofacial region. The injuries resembled those found after postmortem animal depredation. The involvement of more than 1 dog may account for the severity of the injuries due to "pack" behavior. Deaths were due to exsanguination, air embolism, and decapitation. Necropsy examination of the attacking dogs revealed tissues from the victims in 2 of the animals' stomachs. These cases demonstrate the vulnerability of infants and young children to fatal dog attacks, with an unusual concentration of severe injuries to the head regions. Necropsy of the canine assailant, with collaboration between pathologists and veterinarians, is an important part of such investigations as it may provide information helping to establish the identity and ownership of the animal, along with trace evidence confirming that the dog was involved in the attack.

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A Behavioral Analysis of Dog Bites to Children

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Aspectos epidemiológicos de las mordeduras caninas

Aspectos epidemiológicos de las mordeduras caninas

The individualisation of a dog bite mark: a case study highlighting the bite mark analysis, with emphasis on differences between dog and human bite marks

Extensive and Mutilating Craniofacial Trauma Involving Defleshing and Decapitation

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