A Behavioral Approach to Coaching Football: Improving the Play Execution of the Offensive Backfield on a Youth Football Team

Komaki, Judi; Barnett, Fred T.

doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-657

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Self-imagery (Komaki & Barnett, 1977) x x x (Koop & Martin, 1983) x x x x (Lambert et al, 2016) x x x x (Lerner et al, 1996) x x (Luyben et al, 1986) x x x x (Magill & Schoenfelder-Zohdi, 1996) x x x x (Maryam et al, 2009) x x (Mellalieu et al, 2006) x (Ming & Martin, 1996) x x x (O'Brien & Simek, 1983) x x x (Patrick & Hrycaiko, 1998) x x x x (Post et al, 2016) x x x x x (Rikli & Smith, 1980) x x (Rogers et al, 2010) x x (Rush & Ayllon, 1984) x x x x (Rushall & Smith, 1979) x x (Scott et al, 1997) x x (Scott et al, 1999) x (Sewal et al, 1988) x (Shapiro & Shapiro, 1985) x x x x (Continues)…”

Section: Selftalkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of behavioral interventions to enhance sports performance

Schenk

Miltenberger

2019

Behavioral Interventions

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these studies use a multicomponent intervention, they often assess novel component combinations or apply an intervention to a scarcely studied or unstudied sport or target behavior.A recent poll found that three quarters of adults in the United States played sports when they were younger, and one quarter of adults continue to play sports throughout their lives, with more than 50 different sports included (Sports and Health in America, 2015). Additionally, participating in sports has numerous physical and social benefits to the athlete. Furthermore, it is reported that 63% of people in the United States describe themselves as sports fans (Carroll, 2005). This demonstrates the significance of sports within society and indicates the importance of a continued focus on the research of sports-related behavior.Perhaps as a result of the prevalence of professional sports and the widespread participation in sports across countries, there has been a proliferation of sports research in the field of applied behavior analysis (ABA) over the past several decades. Recent publications (e.g., Luiselli & Reed, 2015;Martin, 2015) describe how behavior analytic techniques have been utilized to address a wide range of behaviors across multiple sports and populations.This research is based on principles and procedures of behavioral science established over the past 80 or more years with single-subject designs. Thus, there is not a current review comparing and contrasting the various behavioral procedures that have been used to enhance sports performance and the different sports targeted with a behavioral intervention. The purpose of this paper is to review the research applying behavior analytic procedures to performance enhancement across sports. | METHOD | Inclusion and exclusion criteriaTwo inclusion criteria were used to identify studies for review. First, a behavioral intervention had to be implemented in each study. A behavior intervention includes using any form of an intervention that might alter an observable behavior. Second, the target behavior was sport performance consisting of the measurement of an athlete's observable behavior. Regarding performance enhancement, a sports intervention can target the behavior of the individual playing the sport, or it can target the behavior of the individual coaching the players. Studies were excluded if the focus was solely on physical activity (i.e., exercise promotion) rather than sports performance. Although increasing physical activity can be part of sport performance enhancement, the purpose of such research is generally on health outcomes as opposed to performance enhancement. Additional sports-related studies were excluded if the focus was therapeutic instead of performance based (e.g., using a sports activity to decrease anxiety), the focus was not on performance of a skill related to an organized sport (e.g., throwing a ball), and if the study was not written in English. SCHENK AND MILTENBERGER 249

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Section: Selftalkmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of behavioral interventions to enhance sports performance

Schenk

Miltenberger

2019

Behavioral Interventions

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“…was employed to increase instances of correct play execution by members of the offensive backfield (Komaki & Barnett, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Coaching in the Development of Skills in Football, Gymnastics, and Tennis

Allison

Ayllon

1980

J of App Behav Analysis

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A review of the literature indicates that methods of skill acquisition based on the operant paradigm have been scientifically validated with many motor behaviors. However, these procedures have been limited to the use of positive reinforcement for correct performance when applied to the acquisition of complex sports skills in natural settings. To find complementary procedures to enhance skill acquisition, a coaching method involving several behavioral techniques was developed that focused on remediation of errors. This coaching method combined the following components: (1) systematic use of verbal instructions and feedback, (2) positive and negative reinforcement, (3) positive practice, and (4) time out. Three sports, football, gymnastics, and tennis, were selected to determine the effectiveness and generality of this behavioral coaching method. A total of 23 male and female subjects, ranging in age from 11 to 35, was included in this study. Baseline data were first collected for each sport under standard coaching conditions. Next, the behavioral coaching method was evaluated depending on the sport in either a multiple baseline or a reversal design. The behavioral dimensions selected were blocking in football; backward walkovers, front hand springs, and reverse kips in gymnastics; and the forehand, backhand, and serve in tennis. Behavioral coaching was immediately effective in increasing the correct execution of complex skills in all three sports. Gains of up to 10 times the baseline performance were achieved in each sport. In football, behavioral coaching resulted in an increase in correct blocking performance from a baseline average of 5 % to 51.3 %. Gymnasts' performances increased from baseline averages of 2.7% to 52.6% across the three skills. In tennis, standard coaching produced an average of 69% correct performance which increased dramatically under behavioral coaching to 579% across the three strokes.

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“…For the student whose athletic performance is most hampered by cognitive responses, a variety of methods can alter such thought processes. Competitive training programs that rely upon behavioral analyses often use charting to uncover the athlete's strengths and weaknesses during competition (Desiderato and Miller, 1979;Komaki and Barnett, 1977;Ziegler, 1978). Frequently, a student who reacts to stress with negative cognitions is unable to properly analyze what is going on; instead, the negative cognitions become ruminations and further disrupt performance.…”

Section: Stress Management Methods For Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress management for the competitive performer

Suinn

1983

New Drctns for Student Srvcs

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A Behavioral Approach to Coaching Football: Improving the Play Execution of the Offensive Backfield on a Youth Football Team

Cited by 48 publications

References 2 publications

A review of behavioral interventions to enhance sports performance

A review of behavioral interventions to enhance sports performance

Behavioral Coaching in the Development of Skills in Football, Gymnastics, and Tennis

Stress management for the competitive performer

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