A behavioral approach to cumulative palimpsests: An example from Weereewaa (Lake George), Australia

Way, Amy Mosig

doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2018.09.005

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…1b). This sedimentary unit also matches the descriptions for the aeolian sand sheet deposits located south‐east of Lake George, reported in Way (2017; 2018). However, the possibility remains that minor contributions of aeolian dust (very fine sands and silts; Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The deposition of the buff silty sands of SU6 located abovẽ 12.0 m ALB are the result of aeolian processes occurring between 11 ± 1 (LG-T3-4) and 5.0 ± 0.3 ka ago (LG-T2-2; Table 3). The textures and grain sizes of SU6 at Luckdale are consistent with both the aeolian sand sheets reported by Way (2017;2018) at the southern end of Lake George, as well as the CC2 massive aeolian sand unit of Fitzsimmons and Barrows (2010) along Collector Creek. However, the exact source material that was reworked into these SU6 deposits remains unknown.…”

Section: Su6the Aeolian Sand Sheetsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Revisiting the abandoned shorelines of Lake George, Australia: a refined optical dating framework

Jankowski

Cohen

Larsen

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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Abandoned shorelines are an important archive used to constrain past fluctuations in the hydrological balance of lakes around the globe. Within Australia, the shorelines preserved at Lake George, NSW, form one of the few shoreline archives in the south‐east of the continent that record palaeoenvironmental conditions throughout the late Quaternary. Here, we examined and tested the lake‐level record for Lake George constructed in the 1970s by dating a well‐preserved shoreline sequence at Luckdale, on the lake's eastern shore, using single‐grain optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. Ten stratigraphic units were identified, and these suggest a late Quaternary highstand for Lake George in MIS 3, with fluctuations superimposed upon an overall drying trend throughout MIS 2 and into the present. At Luckdale, the highest four shoreline‐associated units were deposited ~13 to 19 m above lake base and date to between 39 ± 2 and 29 ± 1 ka ago. Our study pushes back the timing of maximum lake depth at Lake George to at least MIS 3, rather than MIS 2. The overall drying trend is supported by similar reductions in both Riverine Plain fluvial activity and other associated lake‐level records from within the Murray basin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Su6the Aeolian Sand Sheetsupporting

confidence: 86%

Revisiting the abandoned shorelines of Lake George, Australia: a refined optical dating framework

Jankowski

Cohen

Larsen

et al. 2021

J Quaternary Science

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“…Imported backed artefacts were manufactured outside the local area before being carried to the sites discussed here. Presumably the imported backed artefacts travelled as inserts in a composite tool, although we cannot exclude that some were transported as single, un‐hafted objects (Way, 2018b). Across the six Activity Areas imported backed artefacts were discarded in different numbers, sometimes as single specimens, at other times in small sets of 2–4 specimens, and in still other events larger groups of 9–17 imported backed artefacts were recovered in close proximity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This needs a temporal resolution comparable with the activities being studied, representing only hours to a few days at most, preferably with the workshop buried rapidly before disturbance or subsequent occupation takes place. This kind of short‐term event, not available from any rock shelter sites in Australia where assemblages represent palimpsests that accumulated over hundreds of years, has been identified in a series of open sites on the margin of Ngungara (Way, 2018b). We use the opportunity provided by these short‐duration workshop sites to demonstrate how insert replacement can be recognised, and to additionally evaluate if the process of replacing inserts contributed to the local variation in backed artefact size and shape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating hafting and composite tool repair as factors creating variability in backed artefacts: Evidence from Ngungara (Weereewa/Lake George), south‐eastern Australia

Way

Koungoulos

Wyatt-Spratt

et al. 2023

Archaeology in Oceania

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Across the Australian continent, backed artefacts are produced in enormous numbers during the mid-late Holocene. Previous examinations have revealed variation in the average shape of these artefacts, at both continental and regional scales. To better understand the factors creating this variability, we examine a large assemblage of backed artefacts from Ngungara (Weereewa/Lake George), in south-eastern Australia. This is one of the few open sites in Australia which has high-resolution evidence for spatially distinct, short-term workshops. Within these well-bounded workshops both locally manufactured and imported backed artefacts are present. However, across this landscape the shape of these artefacts is not uniform; rather, similarly shaped backed artefacts are concentrated in different workshop areas. Through the analysis of backed artefacts in different workshops, we suggest that "insert copying" or the replacement of spent inserts with similarly shaped, locally manufactured artefacts creates variability in backed artefact shape.

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“…Over the last decade, several studies have been aiming at developing increasingly integrated analytical procedures to "dissect" the palimpsests into "smaller time-units", increasing the time-resolution (e.g. Bargalló et al, 2016;Henry, 2012;Leierer et al 2019;Machado et al, 2013;Machado and Pérez, 2016;Martínez-Moreno et al, 2016;Real et al, 2018;Romagnoli and Vaquero, 2016;Rosell et al, 2012;Spagnolo et al, 2016a, accepted;Thacher et al, 2017;Vaquero, 2008;Vaquero et al, 2012Vaquero et al, , 2017Villaverde et al, 2017;Way, 2018). Indeed the availability of contexts whose duration is as akin as possible to the human time-scale rather than the geological one, is a fundamental prerequisite for a realistic reading of some economic and social structures which are behind the evolution of settlement dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neandertal camps and hyena dens. Living floor 150A at Grotta dei Santi (Monte Argentario, Tuscany, Italy)

Spagnolo

Crezzini

Marciani

et al. 2020

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Grotta dei Santi represents a very suitable investigation field for carrying out an inquiry into the Neandertal behaviour at a high-resolution time scale, in order to obtain data useful for the "functional" reading of the economic and settling strategies. This cave opens into the Monte Argentario Promontory (southern coast of Tuscany, central Italy), almost at sea-level, at the base of a limestone falaise about 50 m high. During MIS 3, when Neandertals occupied the site, there was a wide plain in front of the cave. Excavations carried out by the University of Siena over the last 11 years brought to light several Mousterian occupation phases represented, most of the times, by thin living floors separated from one another by sterile sediments. However, another "occupant", the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), left clear traces in the cave in layers other than those occupied by humans. Although there usually is a clear-cut stratigraphic separation, a partial overlapping between the human and hyena occupations is sometimes documented, owing to their closeness in time. This is the case for the uppermost "living floor" of layer 150, which is the object of our study. A multidisciplinary integrated analytic methodology was applied, including lithic technology, taxonomic analysis of faunal remains, taphonomy, use-wear analysis and spatial analysis by means of a GIS platform. This approach allowed us to detect a set of parameters useful for identifying activities due to each of these two predators individually, which provided substantial information about their behaviours.

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A behavioral approach to cumulative palimpsests: An example from Weereewaa (Lake George), Australia

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Revisiting the abandoned shorelines of Lake George, Australia: a refined optical dating framework

Revisiting the abandoned shorelines of Lake George, Australia: a refined optical dating framework

Investigating hafting and composite tool repair as factors creating variability in backed artefacts: Evidence from Ngungara (Weereewa/Lake George), south‐eastern Australia

Neandertal camps and hyena dens. Living floor 150A at Grotta dei Santi (Monte Argentario, Tuscany, Italy)

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