A behavioral theory of timing.

Killeen, Peter R.; Fetterman, J. Gregor

doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.274

Cited by 686 publications

(708 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

663

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The LeT model, an offspring of the behavioral theory of timing (e.g., Killeen and Fetterman, 1988) postulates three elements: a serial organization of behavioral states, a vector of associative links coupling the behavioral states to one or more operant responses, and the operant responses themselves. At the onset of the interval to be timed only the first state is active, but as time elapses the activation of each state flows to the next state in the series.…”

Section: Predictions From Learning To Time (Let)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in the psychophysical function in rats

Guilhardi¹,

MacInnis²,

Church³

et al. 2007

Behavioural Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The primary goal was to compare results from a free operant procedure with pigeons (Machado and Guilhardi, 2000, Experiment 2) with new results obtained with rats. The secondary goal was to compare the results of both experiments with dependent variables that were not used in the original publication. As in the original study with pigeons, rats were trained on a two-alternative free-operant psychophysical procedure in which left lever press responses were reinforced during the first and second quarters of a 60-s trial, and right lever press responses were reinforced during the third and fourth quarters of the trial. The quarters were reinforced according to four independent variable interval (VI) schedules of reinforcement. The VI duration was manipulated in each quarter, and shifts in the psychophysical functions that relate response rate with time since trial onset were measured. The results obtained with rats were consistent with those previously obtained with pigeons. In addition, results not originally reported were also consistent between rats and pigeons, and provided insights into the perception, memory, and decision processes in Scalar Expectancy Theory and Learning-to-Time Theory.

show abstract

Section: Predictions From Learning To Time (Let)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts in the psychophysical function in rats

Guilhardi¹,

MacInnis²,

Church³

et al. 2007

Behavioural Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Behavioral Theory of Timing (Killeen and Fetterman, 1988) was developed to account for the time of occurrence of responses that did not require the assumption that the animal was an information-processing system with modules for temporal perception, memory, and decision. Instead, the basic assumption was that the animal changed from one behavior state to another and that, when reinforcement occurred, the behavior state at that instant was strengthened.…”

Section: Specification Of the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are separate theories of conditioning and timing necessary?

Kirkpatrick

Church

1998

Behavioural Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conditioning and timing studies have evolved under separate traditions, which is exemplified in both traditional theories (e.g. the Rescorla-Wagner model of conditioning vs. Scalar Timing Theory) and in a dual process model (Gibbon, J., Balsam, P., 1981. In: Autoshaping and Conditioning Theory. Academic Press, New York.). Other lines of theoretical development in both timing and conditioning fields have resulted in the emergence of 'hybrid' theories in which conditioning and timing processes are integrated. Simulations were conducted with a recent hybrid theory of timing (Machado, A., 1997. Psychol. Rev. 104, 241 -265). The simulations were of classical conditioning procedures in which the local or global predictability of food was varied by manipulating the variability of the CS-US relationship, variability of the CS duration, and variability of the intertrial interval. The hybrid model provided good qualitative fits to indices of conditioning (discrimination ratios) and timing (local rates of responding), indicating that it may be possible to model both conditioning and timing results with a single process in which an internal representation of time and a strength of association are integrated. However, the failure of the model to provide good quantitative fits of the data indicates the need for a consideration of alternative perceptual representations of time and/or principles of association within the framework of the hybrid model.

show abstract

“…For example, it has long been hypothesized that dopamine overactivity is related to schizophrenia [5][6][7] , and an important brain region where neurotransmitter activity contributes to schizophrenic symptoms is the striatum 3,8,9 , which is known to be involved in the control of timing 10,11 . Changes in dopamine activity also influences performance in timing tasks 9,12 ; increased dopamine activity in the striatum slows subjective time-perception, making subjects over-estimate the passage of time 13,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Reed

Randell

2014

Psychiatry Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The possibility of altered time-perception in high schizotypy scorers, as postulated through previous differences shown in performance between high and low scorers in schizotypy on schedules of reinforcement with temporal elements, was examined using a series of retrospective timing tasks. Three stimuli ratio manipulations were made across two experiments, and, using an adjusted version of the bisection-point method for data analysis, results showed that high scorers on the unusual experiences subscale of the O-LIFE(B) estimated the mid point of the stimulus range to be at a significantly longer interval than low scorers. This was true when the ratio between the "short" and "long" standard stimuli were 4:1 (Experiment 1), 3:1 and 2:1 (Experiment 2). These findings are consistent with the notion of altered time-perception for high schizotypals.

show abstract

A behavioral theory of timing.

Cited by 686 publications

References 87 publications

Shifts in the psychophysical function in rats

Shifts in the psychophysical function in rats

Are separate theories of conditioning and timing necessary?

Altered time-perception performance in individuals with high schizotypy levels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About