A benzoate coprecipitation route for synthesizing nanocrystalline GDC powder with lowered sintering temperature

Multi-doped ceria-based composite as a promising low-temperature electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity for steam electrolysis

“…86 The ionic transport inside the lattice is usually correlated with the bulk conductivity values. 23 The value of the grain-boundary conductivity indicates the effect of microstructural characteristics on the ionic transport in the electrolyte. 87 For 5LB1C-1, the presence of bulk and grain boundary curves is hard to identify by the naked eye, but the entire cell resistance could still be calculated from the high-frequency range of the Nyquist plot.…”

“…Various methods for applying sintering aids have been reported, in which the whole sintering progress is processed in an air atmosphere. 23 In the prediction and evaluation of Nicholas's group, doping Cu, Co, Fe, Mn, Li, and Zn into GDC can decrease sintering temperature, and 3 mol% lithium-doped GDC can be sintered at 800 °C to 99% density. 22 They indicated that doping with Li (lithium) as a single dopant could decrease the sintering temperature, gaining a final density of 95% at ∼950 °C.…”

A promising Ruddlesden–Popper oxide cathode for both proton-conducting and oxygen ionic-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

“…10 Among the series of these doped cerium oxides, Gd doped ceria (GDC) is one of the most popular members. 11 Therefore, the Gd doped ceria named Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2− δ (GDC9010) was chosen as the oxygen ionic conducting electrolyte for the low-temperature oxygen ionic conducting SOFC (O-SOFC).…”