A bid-rent land-use adaptation model for mitigating road network vulnerability and traffic emissions

Abstract

Disruptions of vulnerable links in transportation networks have been widely recognized as a serious safety issue, generating both traffic congestion and significant traffic emissions. This paper aims to consolidate a proposed land-use adaptation (LUA) strategy into transportation vulnerability assessment, quantitatively exploring the question about how to optimize spatial patterns in longterm land-use planning to improve network reliability, protect existing vulnerable links and critical locations, and reduce traffic emissions. To mitigate regional network vulnerability, the LUA model employs the bid-rent theory to describe the agents' behaviors in the land market. Using the genetic and frank-wolf algorithms, this paper analyzes the relationship between link vulnerability and geographical distribution of land-use patterns. The amount of trafficrelated CO emissions is used to evaluate the environmental impacts of the vulnerable link closure. The case study indicates that the long-term LUA strategy at land-cell level effectively reduces road network vulnerability, significantly improves the performance of existing urban road systems, and reduces traffic emissions. The model results also show that road networks tend to become more vulnerable with an increase in travel demand. Furthermore, without considering accessibility reduction caused by vulnerable transportation links, the land-use development is more likely to make the existing vulnerable links more susceptible. The proposed LUA methodology could allow urban system managers and planners to take proactive actions, thereby mitigating negative environmental impacts caused by network disruptions rather than being obliged to react to them.

Vulnerability and resilience of transport systems – A discussion of recent research

“…One aspect that has received surprisingly little attention in the literature is the connection between urban structure and vulnerability. Some studies have looked at where the most critical links in an urban street network are located (Chandra and Quadrifoglio, 2013;Ortigosa and Menendez, 2014) and possibilities to mitigate vulnerability by land-use strategies (Zhao et al, 2014). We also discussed how a bridge that replaces unreliable ferry lines can increase the economic integration in the region and in the end induce a new kind of vulnerability.…”

“…A city's land use pattern affects the use of its road network. Zhao et al (2014) develop a bid-rent approach to find efficient land-use adaptation strategies to mitigate the vulnerability in the long run.…”

Transportation System Vulnerability Assessment considering Environmental Impact

“…Nevertheless, the discrepancy between the SO and the UE leads to traffic paradoxes. On the other hand, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the UE problem on a single transportation mode [6,29,34,38,39], while few on multimodal transportation system. For example, in the case of a UE problem, Chen et al [42] analyzed the vulnerability of transportation systems consisting of car network and transit network, without considering the relationship between different modes.…”

“…In order to mitigate network vulnerability and reduce traffic emissions, Nagurney et al [36] developed environmental impact assessment indies to determine the impacts of capacity degradation. Zhao et al [39] developed the land-use adaptation (LUA) model to analyze transportation network vulnerability. Compared with the NRI results, Reynaud et al [40] developed a new emissions-based NRI (ENRI) to assess network link criticality.…”

“…Although there are various indicators for evaluating the degree of atmospheric pollution caused by vehicle traffic, carbon monoxide (CO) emission has been considered the most important one [39,[53][54][55].…”