A Bio‐Inspired Neuromorphic Sensory System

Abstract

The advent of the intelligent society leads to the exponential growth of information, imposing urgent requirements in a time‐ and energy‐efficient way to process information where data are generated. This issue can be addressed by the neuromorphic paradigm of computing inspired by biological sensory systems that build up the association between external stimuli and the response of an organism in real‐time; in the paradigm, a neuromorphic system is integrated with sensors to form an artificial sensory system. Herein, a neuromorphic sensory system with integrated capabilities of gas sensing, data storage, and processing is demonstrated. Leaky integrate‐and‐fire (LIF) neurons, the basic computing units in the system, are realized with volatile memristive device Pt/Ag/TaOx/Pt; sensory neurons, i.e., the LIF neurons connected with an array of gas sensors, detect gases and convert the chemical information of gases into neural spikes; synapses based on nonvolatile memristive device Pt/Ta/TaOx/Pt transmit the signals from sensory neurons to relay neurons according to synaptic weights, which are trained by the supervised spike‐rate dependent plasticity; relay neurons then process the signals from the synapses and classify gases. The approach of this work can also be applied to emulate other biological perceptions through the integration with different sensors.

Three‐Terminal Artificial Olfactory Sensors based on Emerging Materials: Mechanism and Application

“…Therefore, gas-identification algorithms based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) and spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been studied to address complex gas-identification tasks. [184,185] An ANN is a powerful machine-learning-based classifier that achieves higher accuracy by adjusting its network layers. Various ANN types have been used to classify sensing odor data.…”

“…[193] As shown in Figure 10a, Wang et al reported a neuromorphic sensory system with integrated gas sensing, data storage, and processing capabilities. [194] Sensory neurons are connected to a set of gas sensors that act as a readout system to transform gas chemical information into neural spike Figure 10. a) Schematic of the Bio-inspired neuromorphic sensory system based on the I&F neuron readout system, SNN structure of the device, and the relay neuron activities of four gas samples.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [194] Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH. b) Schematic of the human artificial organ-damage memory system based on a single PCDTPT OFET.…”

“…c) The hardware implementation for wine classification. Reproduced with permission [194]. Copyright 2022, Wiley-VCH.…”

A flexible artificial chemosensory neuronal synapse based on chemoreceptive ionogel-gated electrochemical transistor

“…Although a few attempts have been made to artificially mimic chemoreceptive sensory systems, the development of artificial chemoreceptors has been challenging due to their complexity [24][25][26][27][28] . Mimicking a chemoreceptive sensory system often requires connecting chemical sensors to separate synaptic devices, making for complex structures and fabrication processes, and involves applying the concept of synaptic plasticity modulation through electrical pulsing under exposure to chemical gas, rather than chemical pulsing 29,30 . Chemoreceptors are found exclusively in olfactory and gustatory systems.…”