A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia

Lim, Hong Chang; Leaw, Chui Pin; Tan, Toh Hii; Kon, Nyuk Fong; Yek, Leh Hie; Hii, Kieng Soon; Teng, Sing Tung; Razali, Roziawati Mohd; Usup, Gires; Iwataki, Mitsunori; Lim, Po Teen

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2014.10.005

Cited by 72 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…None of the samples recovered bloom-forming dinoflagellates such as Karlodinium and Takayama, which were detected in abundance during a recent phytoplankton bloom along the WJS in February 2014 (Lim et al 2014;Leong et al 2015). OTU98 was closely related to Symbiodinium sequences and was also observed during the bloom but could be part of the background community as ex hospite zooxanthellae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising planktonic dinoflagellate diversity in Singapore using DNA metabarcoding

Sze¹,

Miranda²,

Sin³

et al. 2018

MBMG

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Dinoflagellates are traditionally identified morphologically using microscopy, which is a time-consuming and labour-intensive process. Hence, we explored DNA metabarcoding using high-throughput sequencing as a more efficient way to study planktonic dinoflagellate diversity in Singapore's waters. From 29 minimally pre-sorted water samples collected at four locations in western Singapore, DNA was extracted, amplified and sequenced for a 313-bp fragment of the V4-V5 region in the 18S ribosomal RNA gene. Two sequencing runs generated 2,847,170 assembled paired-end reads, corresponding to 573,176 unique sequences. Sequences were clustered at 97% similarity and analysed with stringent thresholds (≥150 bp, ≥20 reads, ≥95% match to dinoflagellates), recovering 28 dinoflagellate taxa. Dinoflagellate diversity captured includes parasitic and symbiotic groups which are difficult to identify morphologically. Richness is similar between the inner and outer West Johor Strait, but variations in community structure are apparent, likely driven by environmental differences. None of the taxa detected in a recent phytoplankton bloom along the West Johor Strait have been recovered in our samples, suggesting that background communities are distinct from bloom communities. The voluminous data obtained in this study contribute baseline information for Singapore's phytoplankton communities and prompt future research and monitoring to adopt the approach established here.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising planktonic dinoflagellate diversity in Singapore using DNA metabarcoding

Sze¹,

Miranda²,

Sin³

et al. 2018

MBMG

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“…This recorded, for the first time, the occurrence of P. bahamense in the waters of east coast of Peninsular. [11,12]. The event recurred a year later, in February-March 2015 (Today, 2015).…”

Section: Roziawatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Figure 3C) was found at low densities at all sampling stations, with the highest cell densities at 2000-6700 cells L -1 . The latest HABs and mass mortality of caged fish in Tanjung Kupang, Johor (2014-2015) was attributed to the species, K. australe [12]. The occurrence of K. micrum (Leadbeater et Dodge) Larsen [currently known as K. veneficum (Ballantine) Larsen] was also reported for the first time in aquaculture areas of the Tebrau Strait in 2009 [35].…”

Section: Bloom Forming Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmful Microalgae Assemblage in the Aquaculture Area of Aman Island, Northen Strait of Malacca

Razali¹,

Chui²,

Hong³

et al. 2015

MJS

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A field survey was carried out in Aman Island, the northern Strait of Malacca, to investigate the occurrence of harmful microalgae. The area is known for marine finfish cage-culture and blood cockle farming. Plankton samples were collected fortnightly between July 2011 and September 2013. A total of 58 phytoplankton genera were recorded; 37 belong to the diatoms, and 21 genera were dinoflagellates. Harmful microalgae species were identified microscopically, of which nine are bloom-forming species that responsible for fish kills. These included Akashiwo sanguinea, Chaetoceros affinis, Cha. curvisetus, Cha. laevis, Ceratium furca, C. fusus, Cochlodinium sp., Karlodinium australe and Noctiluca scintillans. Three Alexandrium species were identified from the samples, i.e. A. leei, A. affine and Alexandrium sp. Pulau Aman; some species in the genus have been known to associate with Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP). Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP)-toxin producers were also encountered in the water samples, viz. Dinophysis acuminata, D. caudata, Dinophysis sp. and Prorocentrum micans. The harmful diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia spp. that associated with Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP), was commonly found in the water samples. Cell abundance of each harmful microalga was enumerated. The results showed that cell densities of harmful microalgae were relatively low throughout the sampling period. The microalgae community was dominated by Ceratium furca in May 2012, with cell densities exceeding 70,000 cells L-1; no fish kill event was reported during the time. Even though no fish kill or shellfish poisoning was reported in the area, he presence of harmful microalgae albeit at low cell densities, may pose a potential threat to human health and seafood biosecurity. Therefore, regular phytoplankton monitoring is necessary to safeguard human health and seafood industries in the country. Aman Island, an island in the northern part of the Straits of Malacca, is a very important marine finfish (grouper, snapper and sea bass) aquaculture area and blood cockle farming. In 2012, it produced 1.8 × 10 3 tonnes of marine fish valued RM 18.26 million (Department of Fisheries Malaysia). To date, there has been very limited baseline data on the occurrence of harmful algal bloom (HAB) in the waters surrounding Aman Island. Red discoloration of the coastal waters caused by the dinoflagellate, ABSTRAK

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“…Unfortunately, this can be lethal when toxic microalgae attack speeds up the toxin release upon contact with the ruptured gills [71]. Recent cases of fish killing were documented in Tanjung Kupang, Johor that involved economical loss to 250 fishermen and fish farmers due to Karlodinium australe [53,72]. Economical loss due to mass mortality of finfish is alarming as it concerns the aquaculture industry as well as food industry in Malaysia.…”

Section: Water Discoloration and Fish Killingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dinoflagellates: Ecological Approaches and Spatial Distributions in Malaysia Waters

Na¹,

Msa²,

Nm³

et al. 2017

J Oceanogr Mar Res

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A bloom of Karlodinium australe (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae) associated with mass mortality of cage-cultured fishes in West Johor Strait, Malaysia

Cited by 72 publications

References 50 publications

Characterising planktonic dinoflagellate diversity in Singapore using DNA metabarcoding

Characterising planktonic dinoflagellate diversity in Singapore using DNA metabarcoding

Harmful Microalgae Assemblage in the Aquaculture Area of Aman Island, Northen Strait of Malacca

Dinoflagellates: Ecological Approaches and Spatial Distributions in Malaysia Waters

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