A botanical extract of Souroubea sympetala and its active principle, betulinic acid, attenuate the cortisol response to a stressor in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Mullally, Martha; Mimeault, Caroline; Rojas, Marco Antonio Otárola; Vindas, Pablo Sanchez; Garcia, Mario; Álvarez, Luis Poveda; Moon, Thomas W.; Gilmour, Kathleen M.; Trudeau, Vance L.; Arnason, John T.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.09.040

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The present study, for the first time, investigated the effects of TE on stress response in fish and showed that the extract has antistress effects. The mechanism by which TE mitigated stress response is not clear, but it might be by acting on HPI as previously demonstrated for other herbal materials (Mullally et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Thus, it is worthy to find a solution to suppress adverse effects of antibiotics in fish. In this case, herbal products can be used as they were demonstrated to have antioxidant, immunostimulating and antistress effects (Bahrami Babaheydari, Dorafshan, Paykan Heyrati, & Mahboobi Soofiani, , Giannenas et al, , Gobi et al, , Hoseinifar et al, , Mullally et al, , Saccol et al, , Tang et al, , Xie et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beneficial effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract on oxytetracycline-induced stress response, immunosuppression, oxidative stress and enzymatic changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hoseini

Yousefi

2018

Aquacult Nutr

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thyme extract (TE) and oxytetracycline (OTC) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) stress response, immune parameters, oxidative stress and enzymatic changes. The fish were assigned into eight treatments receiving diets with OTC (0 and 2.5 g/kg) and TE (0, 5, 10 and 20 g/kg) for 2 weeks. Thereafter, serum characteristics and gut oxidative status were evaluated. OTC significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and cortisol and glucose levels; however, TE significantly suppressed these changes. OTC significantly decreased, but TE significantly increased gut catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities.OTC significantly decreased gut superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased gut glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and blood monocyte percentage; TE significantly mitigated these changes. TE significantly increased serum total protein, total Ig, lysozyme and ACH50, and blood WBC; however, OTC significantly decreased serum lysozyme and ACH50 activities and blood WBC and neutrophil percentage. In conclusion, OTC administration causes immunosuppression, which might be related to deterioration of fish health. TE augments trout innate immune and antioxidant status and is capable to counteract OTC-induced health and immune deterioration. K E Y W O R D Shealth, innate immune, oxytetracycline, thyme, trout | 299 HOSEINI aNd YOUSEFI

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract on oxytetracycline-induced stress response, immunosuppression, oxidative stress and enzymatic changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Hoseini

Yousefi

2018

Aquacult Nutr

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“…Other phytochemicals found in whole extracts included hydroxyursolic acid, taraxenyl trans-4-hydroxy-cinnamate, and 2-α-hydroxyursolic acid, isolated as its methyl ester, 2-α-hydroxymaslinic acid [ 2 ]. Further investigation showed that the treatment was able to reduce levels of the stress-induced hormones cortisol and corticosterone to normal levels in restrained rodents, fish, and suckling pigs [ 3 , 4 ]. Using antagonists in vivo, the plant extracts and active principles were shown to act, at least in part, at the GABA A -benzodiazepine receptor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Souroubea-Platanus Dietary Supplement Containing Triterpenes in Beagle Dogs Using a Thunderstorm Noise-Induced Model of Fear and Anxiety

Mašić

Landsberg²,

Milgram³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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A novel botanical dietary supplement, formulated as a chewable tablet containing a defined mixture of Souroubea spp. vine and Platanus spp. Bark, was tested as a canine anxiolytic for thunderstorm noise-induced stress (noise aversion). The tablet contained five highly stable triterpenes and delivered 10 mg of the active ingredient betulinic acid (BA) for an intended 1 mg/kg dose in a 10 kg dog. BA in tablets was stable for 30 months in storage at 23 °C. Efficacy of the tablets in reducing anxiety in dogs was assessed in a blinded, placebo-controlled study by recording changes in blood cortisol levels and measures of behavioral activity in response to recorded intermittent thunder. Sixty beagles were assigned into groups receiving: placebo, 0.5×, 1×, 2×, and 4× dose, or the positive control (diazepam), for five days. Reduction in anxiety measures was partially dose-dependent and the 1× dose was effective in reducing inactivity time (p = 0.0111) or increased activity time (p = 0.0299) compared with placebo, indicating a decrease in anxiety response. Cortisol measures also showed a dose-dependent reduction in cortisol in dogs treated with the test tablet.

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“…Cortisol and thyroid hormones are important for fish metabolism regulation affecting lipid metabolism (Mullally et al, ; Varghese & Oommen, ), carbohydrate metabolism (Barton, ) and growth rate (Madison, Tavakoli, Kramer, & Bernier, ; Schmid, Lutz, Kloas, & Reinecke, ), which show marked changes during fasting (Caruso et al, ; Cerdá‐Reverter, Zanuy, Carrillo, & Kah, ; De Pedro et al, ; Jia, Gao, Chen, & Huang, ; López‐Luna, Bermejo‐Poza, Bravo, & Villarroel, ; Polakof et al, ). Lactate is a precursor for glucose and circulating glucose levels is an important indicator of fish metabolism (Hoseini & Ghelichpour, ; Yousefi, Hoseini, Vatnikov, Nikishov, & Kulikov, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fasting on metabolic and immunological responses of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) to a further acute stress

Hoseini

Behrouz

2019

Aquac Res

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Common carp were fasted for 0, 3 and 14 days prior to exposure to a 2‐hr crowding stress. Serum cortisol, glucose, lactate, T4, T3, serum alternative complement (ACH50), lysozyme, total immunoglobulin (Ig) and blood WBC were determined before and 0, 6 and 24 hr after the crowding stress. Three days of fasting led to a significant decrease in serum levels of lactate and thyroid hormones. Fourteen days of fasting led to initiation of physiological process to maintain serum glucose by increase in serum cortisol level and lactate utilization. These fish had lower levels of thyroid hormones suggesting suppression of basal metabolism. The fish also had lower WBC and serum lysozyme and total Ig levels indicating immunosuppression. After the crowding stress, the fish fasted for 3 days had significantly lower lactate, thyroid hormones and total Ig levels. The fish fasted for 14 days had higher cortisol but lower glucose and thyroid hormones levels suggesting impairment in metabolic responses to the crowding stress. Immunological and health indicators including WBC, and ACH50, lysozyme and total Ig of these fish were significantly lower than the other groups after the crowding stress. Overall, the results show that a 14‐day fasting leads to stress responses, reduction in metabolism and immunosuppression. Moreover, 14 days of fasting lead to greater cortisol response to a further crowding stress, which induces marked immunosuppression and fallen welfare.

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A botanical extract of Souroubea sympetala and its active principle, betulinic acid, attenuate the cortisol response to a stressor in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Beneficial effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract on oxytetracycline-induced stress response, immunosuppression, oxidative stress and enzymatic changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Beneficial effects of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract on oxytetracycline-induced stress response, immunosuppression, oxidative stress and enzymatic changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Efficacy of Souroubea-Platanus Dietary Supplement Containing Triterpenes in Beagle Dogs Using a Thunderstorm Noise-Induced Model of Fear and Anxiety

Effects of fasting on metabolic and immunological responses of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) to a further acute stress

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