“…The fundamental change of today's globalized business context, where radical innovations are key drivers of economic progress (Sorescu et al, 2003), is compelling organizations to raise their innovation performance and production frontiers (Rothaermel, 2017;Kovacs, Marullo, Verhoeven, and Van Looy, 2019) towards the implementation of open innovation (OI) within research and development (Inauen and Schenker-Wicki, 2012). In fact, firms with the most novel innovations, including breakthrough innovations, have to simultaneously develop external (Yan, Dong, and Faems, 2020) and internal systems to disseminate diverse knowledge in order to enhance their requisite technological and marketplace competences (Agostini et al, 2016;Matskulyak, Sapozhnikova, and Kharchilava, 2019). More specifically, the pharmaceutical research centres are in dire competition to innovate in treatments (Videira et al, 2020).…”