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Wearable technology is experiencing remarkable progress, prompting the need for sustainable power sources like triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, integrating TENGs into fabrics and insufficient power outputs that allows for comfortable wear without obstructing user's movements presents a significant challenge. In this study, a novel kind of diamond‐structured fabric‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (DSF‐TENGs) is introduced utilizing an easy, economical, and scalable weaving method without any chemical modification. Owing to its 3D diamond pattern, surface interactions are enhanced for greater charge generation together with strengthened mechanical engagement for more effective charge transfer. The DSF‐TENG, with its unique self‐resilient structure, achieves impressive electric performance, including output voltage of ≈763 V, short‐circuit current of ≈20.4 µA, and power density of 2862.78 mW m−2, which is multiple times higher than most existing fabric‐based TENGs. It also offers excellent air permeability of 560 mm s−1, consistent electricity generation and sensing even after ten washing cycles, and incredible durability, withstanding over 30 000 cycles. Furthermore, DSF‐TENG is included in an insole that is capable of sensing gait patterns, walking speed, and fall detections of patients with Parkinson's disease. The remarkable power generation capabilities of DSF‐TENG indicate a strong potential for future developments in wearable electronics and healthcare applications.
Wearable technology is experiencing remarkable progress, prompting the need for sustainable power sources like triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, integrating TENGs into fabrics and insufficient power outputs that allows for comfortable wear without obstructing user's movements presents a significant challenge. In this study, a novel kind of diamond‐structured fabric‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (DSF‐TENGs) is introduced utilizing an easy, economical, and scalable weaving method without any chemical modification. Owing to its 3D diamond pattern, surface interactions are enhanced for greater charge generation together with strengthened mechanical engagement for more effective charge transfer. The DSF‐TENG, with its unique self‐resilient structure, achieves impressive electric performance, including output voltage of ≈763 V, short‐circuit current of ≈20.4 µA, and power density of 2862.78 mW m−2, which is multiple times higher than most existing fabric‐based TENGs. It also offers excellent air permeability of 560 mm s−1, consistent electricity generation and sensing even after ten washing cycles, and incredible durability, withstanding over 30 000 cycles. Furthermore, DSF‐TENG is included in an insole that is capable of sensing gait patterns, walking speed, and fall detections of patients with Parkinson's disease. The remarkable power generation capabilities of DSF‐TENG indicate a strong potential for future developments in wearable electronics and healthcare applications.
There is a pressing need for flexible integrated systems owing to the swift progress of flexible electronics. Apart from flexibility, flexible supercapacitor (FSC) integrated systems exhibit certain characteristics like rapid charge–discharge rates, high power density, and excellent cycling stability, which makes them a promising candidate to serve as a vital component in flexible electronics. In this context, an in‐depth overview of recent progress in FSC‐integrated systems, including their design of structure, materials, fabrication techniques, and applications, is offered. On the basis of the current progress, the existing challenges and future prospects are also outlined and discussed.
Distributed micro‐energy harvesting devices offer the flexibility, sustainability, and multi‐scenario applicability that will be critical to wearable electronic products in the Internet of Things. The radiofrequency and triboelectric (RF‐TE) hybrid energy harvester (HEH) concept and prototype is presented for the first time, to simultaneously capture the energy from ambient electromagnetic waves and biological motions. The proposed hybrid energy harvesting system consists of a wearable rectenna, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and a power management circuit (PMC). Among them, the all‐fabric rectenna exhibits good impedance matching characteristics in the ISM frequency. The flexible TENG unit can generate a maximum power density of 0.024 µW cm−2. The designed multifunctional fabric‐based PMC can considerably enhance the controllability of harvested hybrid energy. Additionally, a normalizable fabric circuit board quasi surface mount technology (FCB‐SMT) is proposed to integrate all modules on the same fabric substrate in one step, making the entire system superior mechanical robustness. The proposed wearable fabric‐based RF‐TE hybrid energy harvester is capable of successfully driving consumer electronics (such as sensors, watches, etc.). It provides a new energy solution strategy for self‐powered wearable electronic devices and is anticipated to encourage the efficient utilization of renewable energy.
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