A Brief History of Group Therapy as a Field and the Representation of Women in Its Development

Paquin, Jill D.; Abegunde, Courtney; Hahn, Alexis; Fassinger, Ruth E.

doi:10.1080/00207284.2020.1798176

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 324 publications

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“…So, while our study documents that there are people of color who are considered by their peers to be group therapy experts, group therapists of color were not nominated as frequently, and when they were nominated, did not receive multiple nominations. Based on the findings of Paquin et al (2021) and other data documenting the continued dominance of white men in key leadership positions in psychology and group therapy, this is not surprising. However, given this significant limitation, the experiences and perceptions of expert group therapists of color remain as of yet unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It also underscores the lack of critical representation of groups of people of color in the mental health professions, especially psychology and in leadership roles (APA, 2020). Finally (and relatedly), major group-related professional societies, such as Division 49 of APA and AGPA remain overwhelmingly white, and male-dominated in terms of leadership (Paquin et al, 2021). AGPA, for example, as announced by leadership to its members, has recently hired a diversity and inclusion consultant after ongoing issues with systemic racism within the organization (AGPA Leadership, personal communication, May 19, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the official Education and Training Guidelines from APA’s Division 49 (Group Specialty Council, 2018) have been drafted and are currently under peer-review for publication (Lefforge, 2020; Whittingham et al, 2021). Similarly, the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW) has long been publishing its standards (see Paquin et al, 2021 for a historical timeline of the major developments in the history of group therapy as a field), and the American Group Psychotherapy Association (AGPA) is currently updating their Guidelines for the Supervision of Group Work (personal communication, MacNair-Semands, 2021).…”

Section: How Are Clinicians Being Trained In Group Interventions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing into a group therapist: An empirical investigation of expert group therapists’ training experiences.

Hahn¹,

Paquin²,

Glean³

et al. 2022

American Psychologist

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Group therapy is a ubiquitous treatment modality. And its recent recognition as an APA specialty reflects both its empirical bases of support as a clinical intervention, as well as the decades of work that have gone into establishing competency standards for its practice. The present study seeks to add to this literature by examining how one develops into a group therapist, and how to best train group therapists to meet competencies. Specifically, for those who have achieved "expertness" in the practice of group work, this grounded theory (GT) study explores both how have they done so and how such practitioners, in turn, train and evaluate effectiveness in their group therapy trainees. Through analysis of in-depth interviews with nine peer-nominated expert group therapists, essential components of their development included an emphasis on experiential training, personal therapy, didactic coursework, participating in professional conferences, and simply enjoying group work. The study also identifies common competencies that these experts look for to determine effectiveness among their trainees, as well as how these experts determine their own level of effectiveness (and how these processes differ). Finally, the study proposes an emergent theoretical model as to how one develops a professional identity as a group therapist. Study limitations and implications for practice, training, advocacy, and research are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: How Are Clinicians Being Trained In Group Interventions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Developing into a group therapist: An empirical investigation of expert group therapists’ training experiences.

Hahn¹,

Paquin²,

Glean³

et al. 2022

American Psychologist

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“…Yet, it is also true that Western, White, heterosexual, cisgender men (and women in some cases) are overrepresented in psychotherapy research to date (Barlow et al, 2015). For example, in a recent review, researchers demonstrated that only a tiny fraction (1.4%) of major sources of group psychotherapy research and scholarship have focused on the experiences of women, and an even tinier fraction of this work (< one quarter of a percent) has focused on women of color and other groups of women (Paquin, Abegunde, Hahn, & Fassinger, 2019).…”

Section: Bridging the Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a psychotherapy science for all: Conducting ethical and socially just research.

2019

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Much has been written in recent years regarding the integration of social justice values with psychology and psychotherapy; however, the discourse surrounding social justice perspectives related to conducting psychotherapy research is scant. Psychotherapy researchers are beholden to various professional ethical standards, laws, and policies; however, adhering to these rules and guidelines may make research ethical, but not necessarily socially or politically just. In this article, the authors build on previous work from community, feminist, positive, and multicultural psychology perspectives as well as their own experiences as psychotherapy researchers, to propose a framework for approaching psychotherapy research from an ethical and socially just position. Examples from the authors' experiences conducting psychotherapy research with incarcerated individuals, community-and school-based research with youth, and research with sexual/gender minorities are provided to illustrate theoretical principles and provide practical recommendations. Barriers to implementing such a framework to psychotherapy research, as well as strategies to manage these challenges are also discussed. In addition, the authors propose a model that can be used to develop and evaluate the social justice process and content dimensions of a research study. Clinical Impact Statement Question:The present paper addresses the question of how to engage in ethical psychotherapy research that is consummate with social justice ideals. Findings: Clinicians invested in social justice work can use our framework (and concrete examples) to evaluate social justice dimensions of psychotherapy research studies and can use these frameworks for pursuing their own practice-based research. Meaning: There is an urgency for researchers to actively assume social and personal responsibility for creating a psychotherapy science of all. Next Steps: The next step involves examining barriers and facilitative factors experienced by psychotherapy researchers adopting our proposed framework.

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“…According to the National Institutes of Health (2014), women of color constituted 36.1% (57 million) of the U.S. population in 2010-a population size that is projected to increase to 170 million in 2050. In sharp contrast, less than 1% of the group therapy studies address issues concerning women of color (Paquin et al, 2021). This dearth of therapeutic spaces signifies that the lived experiences of women of color demand to be told and heard in terms of recognizing their unique oppression wounds (Bryant-Davis et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative study of women of color group psychotherapists: The wellspring of collective healing.

Garrison¹,

Jiao²,

Vaz³

et al. 2023

Journal of Counseling Psychology

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Understanding the psychological health of women of color (WOC) in a racialized and gendered society requires accessing, validating, and processing the lived experiences and emotions that stem from interlocking systems of oppression. Despite the importance of responding to the psychological health needs of this population, the group therapy literature on how to design and facilitate group therapy for women of color remains limited. For this reason, the present research aims to identify group therapy-oriented experiences based on data provided by ten women of color group psychotherapists practicing in the United States. Findings from the consensual qualitative research (Hill, 2012) revealed six domains: (a) group development, (b) personal and professional significance, (c) group facilitation behaviors, (d) perceived healing factors, (e) challenges, and (f) advice. Suggestions for future research and recommendations for women of color groups positioned as a wellspring of empowerment, liberation, and psychological health are also discussed. Public Significance StatementWomen of color group psychotherapists create and facilitate a group therapy program for women of color based on their critical awareness of oppression and healing and intentionality to demarginalize spaces for women of color. The present study highlights how their underlying wisdom stemming from the participants' lived experiences and reimagination of healing is transformed into group psychotherapy leadership.

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A Brief History of Group Therapy as a Field and the Representation of Women in Its Development

Cited by 7 publications

References 324 publications

Developing into a group therapist: An empirical investigation of expert group therapists’ training experiences.

Developing into a group therapist: An empirical investigation of expert group therapists’ training experiences.

Toward a psychotherapy science for all: Conducting ethical and socially just research.

A qualitative study of women of color group psychotherapists: The wellspring of collective healing.

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