A brief review of bio-inspired surface technology and application toward underwater drag reduction

Nature-Inspired Structures Applied in Heat Transfer Enhancement and Drag Reduction

“…Fish is an important research object of bionics, and its excellent underwater locomotion ability has been widely noticed [64,65]. Sharks in the ocean are able to swim quickly mainly because of the non-smooth scale structures covering their skin, as shown in Figure 6 [66,67]. Inspired by shark skins, the grooves have been proposed, which could change the flow pattern in the turbulent boundary layer and reduce the viscous resistance of the fluid [68,69].…”

Thriving artificial underwater drag-reduction materials inspired from aquatic animals: progresses and challenges

“…In theoretical research, an explanation of the drag-reduction mechanism of riblets in laminar ow conditions goes by the name of 'the protruding height theory' in the uid mechanics' community, which has been known for a long time. 15,76 As the riblets protrude into the ow eld, for protrusions smaller than y + ¼ 5 ( Fig. 3(b)), viscous ow theory can be used to calculate the ow around very small riblets.…”

“…Until now, some review articles on bio-inspired drag-reducing surface have been published. [14][15][16][17] However, the discussions focusing on the development of the aquatic animals-inspired dragreduction surfaces are relatively rare. In this review, drag-reduction biological prototypes represented by sharks and dolphins, the latest signs of progress related to biology, drag-reduction surfaces, drag-reduction mechanisms, manufacturing, and applications are summarized.…”

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Station Keeping Control for Ultra-Silent Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

“…Nowadays, people's activities on the marine, river and other underwater environments are becoming more and more widespread [1][2] . This puts forward certain requirements for underwater communications.…”