A Brief Review of Multipath TCP for Vehicular Networks

Chao, Luomeng; Wu, Celimuge; Yoshinaga, Tsutomu; Bao, Wugedele; Ji, Yusheng

doi:10.3390/s21082793

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…However, only a few of these works have taken into account the use of MPTCP for data transfer and seamless mobility in highly dynamic environments. A survey in [6] reviewed the existing studies on MPTCP for vehicular communications, with detailed discussions on the benefits and future research directions on MPTCP in vehicular networks. In [17], the authors discuss the use of MPTCP as a potential solution to address mobility-related issues.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-layer Approach for MPTCP Path Management in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

Hapanchak

Costa

2023

JCOMSS

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Multipath communication has recently arisen as a promising tool to address reliable communication in vehicular networks. The architecture of Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is designed to facilitate concurrent utilization of multiple network interfaces, thereby enabling the system to optimize network throughput. In the context of vehicular environments, MPTCP offers a promising solution for seamless roaming, as it enables the system to maintain a stable connection by switching between available network interfaces. This paper investigates the suitability of MPTCP to support resilient and efficient Vehicleto-Infrastructure (V2I) communication over heterogeneous networks. First, we identify and discuss several challenges that arise in heterogeneous vehicular networks, including issues such as Head-of-Line (HoL) blocking and service interruptions during handover events. Then, we propose a cross-layer path management scheme for MPTCP, that leverages real-time network information to improve the reliability and efficiency of multipath vehicular communication. Our emulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme not only achieves seamless mobility across heterogeneous networks but also significantly reduces handover latency, packet loss, and out-of-order packet delivery. These improvements have a direct impact on the quality of experience for vehicular users, as they lead to lower application layer delay and higher throughput.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross-layer Approach for MPTCP Path Management in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

Hapanchak

Costa

2023

JCOMSS

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“…We discuss how previous researchers have addressed MPTCP challenges and summarized their solutions. Previous works have reviewed the existing congestion control and scheduling techniques for MPTCP [7], [18]- [21]. Among those works, some review papers have focused on either congestion control of MPTCP or only the scheduling of MPTCP, while others have reviewed only the existing work on MPTCP establishment.…”

Section: A Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the main goals of MPTCP is to control congestion and maintain traffic flows. Another focus of MPTCP is scheduling the packets over different subflows to send packets with the smallest round-trip time (RTT) [7], which is the time taken to send a data packet to the destination and receive an acknowledgment from the receiver. There are a set of traditional techniques such as Dynamic-Window Coupling (DWC) [8], Opportunistic Linked Increases Algorithm (OLIA) [9], Balanced linked adaptation (BALIA) [10], and Adaptive and Efficient Packet Scheduler (AEPS) [11] that control congestion or simultaneously schedule packets over multiple paths in MPTCP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Congestion Control and Scheduling for Multipath TCP: Machine Learning vs Classical Approaches

Maliha,

Habibi,

Atiquzzaman

2023

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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Multipath TCP (MPTCP) has been widely used as an efficient way for communication in many applications. Data centers, smartphones, and network operators use MPTCP to balance the traffic in a network efficiently. MPTCP is an extension of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), which provides multiple paths, leading to higher throughput and low latency. Although MPTCP has shown better performance than TCP in many applications, it has its own challenges. The network can become congested due to heavy traffic in the multiple paths (subflows) if the subflow rates are not determined correctly. Moreover, communication latency can occur if the packets are not scheduled correctly between the subflows. This paper reviews techniques to solve the above-mentioned problems based on two main approaches; non data-driven (classical) and data-driven (Machine Learning) approaches. This paper compares these two approaches and highlights their strengths and weaknesses with a view to motivating future researchers in this exciting area of machine learning for communications. This paper also provides details on the simulation of MPTCP and its implementations in real environments.

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“…Devices with multiple communication interfaces, such as 5G/4G and WiFi, are widely used. Although it is anticipated that such devices will increase the speed of the Internet by the simultaneous use of multiple interfaces, in practice, intermittently, they are significantly slower than devices using a single communication module [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Lack of a suitable transport layer protocol is one of the key reasons why such devices have not achieved anticipated results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BA-MPCUBIC: Bottleneck-Aware Multipath CUBIC for Multipath-TCP

Mahmud

Lubna

Kim

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The Congestion Control Algorithm (CCA) in the Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) is fundamental to controlling the flow of data through multiple subflows (SF) simultaneously. The MPTCP CCA has two design goals: first, always ensure better throughput than single path TCP (SPTCP) flows, and second, collectively, MPTCP SFs going through a shared bottleneck (SB) should occupy bandwidth fairly, i.e., close to the bandwidth occupied by an SPTCP flow. Although several MPTCP CCAs exist, they primarily focus on specific scenarios and could not satisfy the design goals in diverse and dynamic scenarios. Recently, CUBIC has become a widely used CCA for SPTCP for its better compatibility with high-speed internet. CUBIC’s effective implementation in the MPTCP is expected to provide improved throughput and fairer behavior, thus satisfying the design goals. However, although the current multipath CUBIC (MPCUBIC) implementation ensures better fairness, it fails to ensure better throughput. We believe the application of same rule for SFs going through an SB and non-shared bottleneck (NSB) makes it difficult for MPCUBIC to adapt to diverse and dynamically changing network scenarios, thus resulting in poor throughput. Therefore, we present an improved version of MPCUBIC, namely bottleneck-aware MPCUBIC (BA-MPCUBIC), to resolve the throughput issue. First, we deploy an innovative bottleneck detection method that successfully differentiates between an SB and NSB based on round-trip-time, enhanced congestion notification, and packet loss. Then, we implement SPTCP CUBIC and MPCUBIC as the CCAs for SFs going through NSBs and SBs, respectively. Extensive emulation experiments demonstrate that the BA-MPCUBIC successfully detects SBs and NSBs with the highest detection accuracy and the lowest detection time compared with other approaches. Moreover, BA-MPCUBIC successfully satisfies the MPTCP design goals in the considered diverse and dynamic scenarios by ensuring both better throughput and fairness.

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A Brief Review of Multipath TCP for Vehicular Networks

Cited by 26 publications

References 112 publications

A Cross-layer Approach for MPTCP Path Management in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

A Cross-layer Approach for MPTCP Path Management in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

A Survey on Congestion Control and Scheduling for Multipath TCP: Machine Learning vs Classical Approaches

BA-MPCUBIC: Bottleneck-Aware Multipath CUBIC for Multipath-TCP

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