Transportation-induced damage to
fresh produce is a big
challenge
in logistics. Current acceleration and pressure sensors for collision
monitoring face issues of power dependency, high cost, and environmental
concerns. Here, a self-powered and environmentally friendly triboelectric
sensor has been developed to monitor fruit collisions in transportation
packaging. Microcrystalline cellulose/chitosan and sodium alginate
films were prepared as positive and negative tribo-layers to assemble
a natural polysaccharide film-based triboelectric nanogenerator (NP-TENG).
The NP-TENG’s electrical output was proportional to the structure
parameters (contact surface roughness and separation gap of the tribo-layers)
and the vibration factors (force and frequency) and exhibited excellent
stability and durability (over 100,000 cycles under 13 N at 10 Hz).
The high mechanical-to-electrical conversion efficiency (instantaneous
areal power density of 9.6 mW/m2) and force sensitivity
(2.2 V/N) enabled the NP-TENG to be a potential sensor for monitoring
fresh produce collisions in packaging during logistics. Transportation
simulation measurements of kiwifruits verified that the sensor’s
electrical outputs increased with the vibration frequency and stacking
layer while varying at different packaging locations. This study suggests
that the NP-TENG can effectively monitor collision damage during fruit
transportation, providing new insights into developing intelligent
food packaging systems to reduce postharvest supply chain losses.