A broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types is present in the skin of Australian patients with non-melanoma skin cancers and solar keratosis

Forslund, Ola; Ly, Hoang; Reid, Catherine; Higgins, G.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05376.x

Cited by 121 publications

(160 citation statements)

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“…19,21 The greatest difference was found for patients diagnosed with BCC, where we only detected HPV38 or HPV38b[FA125] in two of 118 patients (1.7%), compared to previous reports with positivity rates ranging from 7% to as high as 55%. 19,21,23 This discrepancy is likely to be attributable to the removal of superficial cells with tape, which is known to reduce HPV DNA prevalences. 16 The virus DNA load was higher in the swab samples taken from the tops of the lesions than in the corresponding biopsies, indicating that most of the HPV38 DNA was present on top of the lesions and only to a minor extent in the lesions themselves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…For example, only 4 of 52 patients (7.6%) diagnosed with AK were positive for HPV38 or HPV38b[FA125] in our study, compared to previously reported HPV38 prevalences of 17-43%. 19,21,22 For SCC, we detected HPV38 in three of 52 biopsies (5.8%), compared to 13-46% in other studies. 19,21 The greatest difference was found for patients diagnosed with BCC, where we only detected HPV38 or HPV38b[FA125] in two of 118 patients (1.7%), compared to previous reports with positivity rates ranging from 7% to as high as 55%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…19,21,22 For SCC, we detected HPV38 in three of 52 biopsies (5.8%), compared to 13-46% in other studies. 19,21 The greatest difference was found for patients diagnosed with BCC, where we only detected HPV38 or HPV38b[FA125] in two of 118 patients (1.7%), compared to previous reports with positivity rates ranging from 7% to as high as 55%. 19,21,23 This discrepancy is likely to be attributable to the removal of superficial cells with tape, which is known to reduce HPV DNA prevalences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…19,20 HPV38 has been proposed to be a skin cancer-associated HPV type based on reported prevalences of 7-55% in BCC, 13-46% in SCC and 17-43% in actinic keratosis (AK). 19,[21][22][23] In comparison, HPV38 has been detected in 10% of healthy skin biopsies 19 and in 25% of plucked eyebrow hairs. 24 A possible reason for the variability in reported HPV DNA prevalences is the fact that the skin surface contains high amounts of viral DNA, whereas the skin lesions themselves contain less viral DNA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 A possible reason for the variability in reported HPV DNA prevalences is the fact that the skin surface contains high amounts of viral DNA, whereas the skin lesions themselves contain less viral DNA. 16 For example, actinic keratosis demonstrated an HPV DNA prevalence of 70% in nonstripped biopsies 21 and 11% in stripped biopsies. 16 We have therefore proposed the use of tape stripping of the skin surface before taking biopsies as a method of increasing the likelihood that the reported presence of HPV DNA is indeed related to the skin lesion itself.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subtype HPV38b[FA125] demonstrates heterogeneity of human papillomavirus type 38

Hazard

Eliasson

Dillner

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The human papillomaviruses (HPVs) exist as more than 100 distinct types. While variants of HPV are common, only few HPV subtypes have been reported. HPV type 38 has been proposed to be associated with nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), with reported prevalences of up to 55%. A subtype of HPV38 was cloned, completely sequenced and found to have a 96% sequence similarity to prototype HPV38 in the L1 open reading frame. The presence of prototype HPV38 and HPV38b[FA125] was examined in paired biopsies of tape-stripped skin lesions and healthy skin from 269 immunocompetent patients by real-time PCR. Prototype HPV38 and HPV38b[FA125] were present in seven (3%) and five (2%) lesions, respectively, in viral loads ranging from one copy per 150 cells to one copy per 70,000 cells. In summary, we found that HPV38 is heterogeneous and is one of so far only few HPVs that contain subtypes. The heterogeneity needs to be considered in studies of the biology of this virus. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: HPV; subtype; nonmelanoma skin cancer; multiplyprimed rolling circle amplification Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most prevalent malignancies in the Caucasian population 1 and an increase in prevalence has been seen in European countries during the last few years. 2 NMSC comprises basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). BCC has a relatively good prognosis, while SCC accounts for up to 20% of all deaths from skin cancer. 3 NMSC are often found on sun-exposed sites in patients with the rare inherited genetic disease epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV). 4 These patients are highly susceptible to human papillomavirus (HPV) infections 5,6 mainly by the Beta-papillomaviruses, a phylogenetic subgroup of cutaneous HPVs (e.g., HPV5 and HPV8). 7 These HPV types are detectable in skin carcinomas, as well as in control specimens of healthy skin from the general population. [8][9][10][11][12] There are more than 100 different HPV types that have been completely sequenced. 7 In addition, there appears to exist about 100 additional putative HPV types, with sequence information so far available only from PCR amplimers. 8,[13][14][15][16] Variants of HPV types contain more than 98% sequence homology in the L1 open reading frame (ORF). 7 Variants is a common finding that appears to associate with ethnic groups and sometimes even with biologic behavior of the virus. 17,18 By contrast, subtypes containing 90-98% sequence homology in the L1 region are very rare, with HPV 68a/HPV68b, HPV46, HPV55 and HPV64 (now known to be subtypes, originally thought to be different viruses) being the only fully characterized examples. 7,17 Although the reasons for this are not known, existence of subtypes has profound implications for design of virus detection systems and for understanding of the biology of the viruses.Epidemiological studies have established a causal association between UV-radiation and NMSC, 3 but the role of HPV in these cancers remains to be elucidated.A recent study 19 has demonstrated that the early proteins E...

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