A Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Continuous-Mode Technology

Chen, Xiaofan; Chen, Wenhua; Ghannouchi, Fadhel M.; Feng, Zhenghe; Liu, Yuanan

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2016.2623705

Cited by 140 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For validating the proposed technique, a 1.2-2.4 GHz TW-SDPA with 66.7% FBW was designed, implemented and measured. Upon comparing the FBW performance of the proposed TW-SDPA to that reported by Chen et al [32][33][34] and Shi et al [35][36], 15.5%-29.7% increment in FBW is successfully demonstrated by the proposed TW-SDPA in this work.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Giofrè et al [40], Yang et al [42] and Rubio et al [43] proposed TW-SDPAs that were not accomplished using continuous mode technique. Upon comparing [40], [42] and [43] with [32][33][34][35][36], this is a clear indication that the reported continuous mode-based TW-SDPAs are critically facing bandwidth problems. As a result, cannot meet the challenging demands and the successful deployment of modern wireless communication systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Varieties of techniques and architectures that are based on the Doherty operating principle have been proposed for bandwidth extension [15]- [45]. Some of these techniques are the real frequency technique [21], Bayesian optimisation technique [31] and continuous mode technique [32][33][34][35][36]. Sun and Jansen [21] proposed the design of two-way symmetrical Doherty power amplifiers (TW-SDPAs) using real frequency technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the measured FBW is less than 47%. In the case of the continuous mode TW-SDPAs proposed by Chen et al [32][33][34] and Shi et al [35][36], the reported bandwidths are also less than 52% even if the beneficial effect of the continuous mode technique on the efficiency figure was tangible. Giofrè et al [40], Yang et al [42] and Rubio et al [43] proposed TW-SDPAs that were not accomplished using continuous mode technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Naah

Giofrè

2020

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Achieving a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of more than 60% has been a challenging problem for two-way symmetrical Doherty power amplifiers (TW-SDPAs) that are designed using continuous mode technique. As reported in the literature, these designed continuous mode-based TW-SDPAs possess less than 52% FBW which cannot satisfactorily meet the challenging, complex and ever-evolving modulation schemes' demands. To overcome such a limitation, this paper proposes a novel approach based on fuzzy logic techniques able to simplify and to speed up the design of continuous mode-based TW-SDPAs with state-ofart FBW. In particular, the proposed technique uses K-means unsupervised learning clustering algorithm and continuous mode technique in a modelled fuzzy logic system environment. As a result, extensive impedance solution design space is readily made available and the optimal impedances required by the carrier and peaking sub-amplifiers for efficiently operating at the saturation and output-power-back-off (OPBO) levels are automatically obtained. For verification, a TW-SDPA was designed and measured. According to the measured results, the TW-SDPA operates within 1.2−2.4 GHz frequency band, corresponding to 66.7% FBW. As compared to the designed continuous modebased TW-SDPAs reported in the literature, this work indicates over 15% increment in FBW. Moreover, 41.59%−81.1% drain efficiency (DE) at saturation, 35%−63% DE at 6 dB OPBO, 42−45 dBm output power and 7−10.52 dB gain were successfully achieved. Adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) better than −46 dBc and average DE within 46%−55% were successfully recorded after linearisation.Index Terms-Continuous mode, Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs), fuzzy logic technique, fractional bandwidth (FBW).

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Naah

Giofrè

2020

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…Most researchers have made great effect to develop various efficiency enhancement techniques for solving the PAs’ issue of transmitting high PAPR signal with poor efficiency, such as Doherty, envelope tracking, Chireix out‐phasing, pulse width modulation, and pulsed load modulation . As an alternative to above techniques, dynamic load modulation (DLM) technique was first introduced into Class‐E PAs by Rabb, and has been developed for the past few years .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of load modulated inverse Class-F power amplifier with extended conduction angle

You

Helaoui

et al. 2018

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A novel design space of load modulated (LM) inverse Class‐F power amplifiers (PAs) with extended conduction angle is proposed. The effects of the driven level factor β and the biasing operation factor ρ on the third‐harmonic generation are discussed. The harmonic generation mechanism shows that the knee voltage effects are the source of third‐harmonics for LM inverse Class‐F PAs. The definition of the inverse Class‐F mode is consistently valid under the circumstance of load modulation in a limited output power back‐off (OPBO) range. Meanwhile, the conduction angle θ0 can be extended from π/2 to a limited value (<110°) to keep the standard waveforms of inverse Class‐F mode and maintain high efficiency. After introducing the “continuous concept” and the second harmonic manipulation method, the mathematical design space of inverse Class‐F PAs with extended conduction angle is derived. Calculation shows that the purely conductive load modulation can enable high back‐off efficiency operation for LM inverse Class‐F PAs. As proof of concept, a demonstrator amplifier is fabricated and measured. The experimental results show that the power added efficiency (PAE) with optimum Vctrl is improved by 5% over an OPBO range of 6 dB compared with the same PA with fixed Vctrl.

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Design of an RF output Class JJ⁻¹ Doherty power amplifier using post‐matching varactor diodes for configurable IoT transmitters

Kumar

Kanaujia

2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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In this paper, a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) based on Class-J power amplifier (PA) and Class-J À1 PA is proposed for configurable Internet of things (IoT) transmitters. A post-matching structure is used to achieve wider bandwidth performance, high efficiency, and power gain flatness. Different drain biases on the main and peaking devices are used to perform asymmetric operations. The proposed DPA structure achieves 62.4% power-added efficiency (PAE) with a maximum output range of 37.38-38.20 dBm for the frequency band of 5.1-5.8 GHz and a power gain range of 13.24-12.24 dB. It has a maximum drain efficiency of 42.7%-51.5% at a back-off power level of 9 dB. In order to validate the linearity of the proposed design, an analysis of the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) for various gate-biased voltage operations is performed. The microchip occupies a compact die area of 2.1 mm Â 1.2 mm, which is fabricated with GaAs 0.25 μm PHEMT to validate the enhanced broadband characteristics of the proposed configuration. Compared to the existing DPAs, the proposed DPA exhibits higher efficiency, output power, and compact size. K E Y W O R D SDoherty power amplifier (DPA), gallium arsenide (GaAs), post-matching network, poweradded efficiency (PAE), stacked FET

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A Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Continuous-Mode Technology

Cited by 140 publications

References 20 publications

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Investigation of load modulated inverse Class-F power amplifier with extended conduction angle

Design of an RF output Class JJ⁻¹ Doherty power amplifier using post‐matching varactor diodes for configurable IoT transmitters

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A Broadband Doherty Power Amplifier Based on Continuous-Mode Technology

Cited by 140 publications

References 20 publications

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Empowering the Bandwidth of Continuous-Mode Symmetrical Doherty Amplifiers by Leveraging on Fuzzy Logic Techniques

Investigation of load modulated inverse Class-F power amplifier with extended conduction angle

Design of an RF output Class JJ−1 Doherty power amplifier using post‐matching varactor diodes for configurable IoT transmitters

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Design of an RF output Class JJ⁻¹ Doherty power amplifier using post‐matching varactor diodes for configurable IoT transmitters