“…However, anatomical evaluation of the branching pattern of the bronchial tree is important for physicians engaged in respiratory care and a detailed anatomical understanding of the bronchial branches in this lobe can facilitate appropriate respiratory care, particularly therapeutic postural drainage, for patients with this lobe. In previous anatomical reports of the azygos lobe in human autopsy cases (Stibbe, 1919;Cairney, 1923;Foster-Carter, 1946;Cimen et al, 2005;Bancroft and Stephens, 2007), partial removal of lung parenchyma to elucidate the branching pattern of the bronchial tree was unfortunately not done. Partial removal of the parenchyma, including the alveoli, the terminal bronchioles, and bronchial arteries and veins of the azygos lobe and associated areas of the lung, is crucial for investigating the detailed branching patterns of the bronchi in this lobe.…”