A Canadian Contribution to the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP)

Jetté, Hélène

doi:10.7202/033025ar

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The purpose of this synthesis is to describe, both qualitatively and quantitatively, how climatic conditions 6000 years ago differed from those of today. This period is of interest now because the 6 ka time slice has been chosen by the NATO sponsored Paleoclimate Model lntercomparison Project as one point for testing Global Climate Model output with the paleoecological record (Jette, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paleoecological Record of 6 ka BP Climate in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

Vance¹,

Beaudoin²,

Luckman³

2007

gpq

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ABSTRACTSynthesis of available paleoecological studies in the Prairie provinces of Canada indicates that although the peak in postglacial aridity that characterized early Holocene climate of the western foothills and plains had passed, conditions remained warmer and drier than present throughout the region ca. 6000 yr BP Compared to today, treeline elevations were higher and alpine glaciers were reduced in size in the Rocky Mountains, lake levels were lower over much of the Interior Plains, and the grassland and boreal forest ecozones extended north of their present positions. Forest fires were more prevalent ca. 6000 yr BP than they are today, aiding westward migration of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) through the boreal forest and increasing the area occupied by grassland in boreal and montane forest regions. Attempts to quantify the magnitude of 6 ka temperature and precipitation differences have produced variable results, but suggest that mean annual temperature was 0.50°C to 1.50°C higher than today (summer temperature may have been up to 3°C higher) and mean annual precipitation was reduced by 65 mm (or summer precipitation was reduced by 50 mm), compared to present. The nature and scale of these changes suggests that a vigorous zonal atmospheric circulation pattern, similar to that of the 1930s but shifted northward, prevailed at 6 ka.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Paleoecological Record of 6 ka BP Climate in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

Vance¹,

Beaudoin²,

Luckman³

2007

gpq

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“…They also act as checks on predictive models through a process of retrodiction, asking, in other words, if existing models accurately 'predict' conditions during earlier episodes of climatic change. Such 'hindcasting' of climate change has been widely recognised in both international and national initiatives (Melillo et al 1990;Jetté 1995;Turney et al 2005). Among significant results, data from past glacial/interglacial transitions, as well as from the last millennium, argue that carbon feedback cycles have hitherto been underestimated.…”

Section: Archaeological Responsibilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practising archaeology at a time of climatic catastrophe

Mitchell¹

2008

Antiquity

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The term 'catastrophe' in my title is not chosen idly, but reflects the now well-established fact that Earth is experiencing (anthropogenic) climate change at a rate and scale unparalleled in human history (IPCC 2007a). Dramatic events such as the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 are so unexpected that one retains a clear memory of precisely when and where one learned of them. Regrettably, climate change is subtler, its effects slower, its consequences less immediately obvious. Yet something of the same is true. In my own case, I vividly recall the moment when I first grasped what it might mean. At the 1993 Kimberley meeting of the Southern African Society for Quaternary Research (SASQUA), a presenter commented that her palaeoenvironmental research, which reached back through the Holocene, might, perhaps, be relevant to modelling future climatic change. Back came the comment from another participant that the Holocene climatic 'optimum' was far from relevant; a bestcase analogue might instead be the conditions prevailing during the Pliocene, 5.3-1.8 million years ago.

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Hebda

1998

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

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A Canadian Contribution to the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP)

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

The Paleoecological Record of 6 ka BP Climate in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

The Paleoecological Record of 6 ka BP Climate in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

Practising archaeology at a time of climatic catastrophe

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