A Candidate Material for Mercury Control in Energy Production Processes: Carbon Foams Loaded with Gold

Abstract

The aim of SEEP2017 is to bring together the researches within the field of sustainable energy and environmental protection from all over the world.The contributed papers are grouped in 18 sessions in order to provide access to readers out of 300 contributions prepared by authors from 52 countries.We thank the distinguished plenary and keynote speakers and chairs who have kindly consented to participate at this conference. We are also grateful to all the authors for their papers and to all committee members.We believe that scientific results and professional debates shall not only be an incentive for development, but also for making new friendships and possible future scientific development projects. The footprint assessment techniques has provided a set of tools enabling the evaluation of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) -including CO2, emissions and the corresponding effective flows on the world scale. From all such indicators, the energy footprint represents the area of forest that would be required to absorb the GHG emissions resulting from the energy consumption required for a certain activity, excluding the proportion absorbed by the oceans, and the area occupied by hydroelectric dams and reservoirs for hydropower.An overview of the virtual GHG flow trends in the international trade, associating the GHG and water footprints with the consumption of goods and services is performed. Several important indications have been obtained: (a) There are significant GHG gaps between producer's and consumer's emissions -US and EU have high absolute net imports GHG budget. (b) China is an exporting country and increasingly carries a load of GHG emission and virtual water export associated with consumption in the relevant importing countries. (c) International trade can reduce global environmental pressure by redirecting import to products produced with lower intensity of GHG emissions and lower water footprints, or producing them domestically.To develop self-sufficient regions based on more efficient processes by combining neighbouring countries can be a promising development. A future direction should be focused on two main areas: (1) To provide the self-sufficient regions based on more efficient processes by combining production of surrounding countries. (2) To develop the shared mechanism and market share of virtual carbon between trading partners regionally and internationally. HAKAN SERHAD SOYHAN 4 Development in energy sector, technological advancements, production and consumption amounts in the countries and environmental awareness give shape to industry of energy. When the dependency is taken into account in terms of natural resources and energy, there are many risks for countries having no fossil energy sources. Renewable and clean sources of energy and optimal use of these resources minimize environmental impacts, produce minimum secondary wastes and are sustainable based on current and future economic and social societal needs. Sun is one of the main energy sources in recent years. Light and heat of sun are used in...

Carbon materials loaded with maghemite as regenerable sorbents for gaseous Hg0 removal

“…Two types of carbon material were selected as sorbent supports for the iron oxides: an activated carbon (AC) and activated carbon foam (CF). The AC support was the commercial activated carbon Norit RB3 (Cabot Norit Nederland B.V.), whereas the carbon foam (CF) was synthesized from a bituminous coal specifically for this work, according to a procedure described elsewhere [17,26]. Previously, similar carbon foams have been employed as a support for Au and have shown great potential as regenerable sorbents for mercury capture [10,17].…”

“…The AC support was the commercial activated carbon Norit RB3 (Cabot Norit Nederland B.V.), whereas the carbon foam (CF) was synthesized from a bituminous coal specifically for this work, according to a procedure described elsewhere [17,26]. Previously, similar carbon foams have been employed as a support for Au and have shown great potential as regenerable sorbents for mercury capture [10,17]. However, in such cases the bituminous coal used as foam precursor was demineralized, whereas in this work raw coal was used without any previous treatment.…”

“…To overcome this problem, sorbents prepared by loading metal and metal oxides on carbon supports of a high surface area, open up a possible new approach for obtaining regenerable sorbents for use in sorbent beds. Indeed, sorbents loaded with noble metals, especially with gold, exhibit a high retention efficiency due to their ability to form a regenerable amalgam with mercury [16][17][18]. The disadvantage of these materials is their high cost, which is why a more economical alternative must be found.…”

Noble metal-based sorbents: A way to avoid new waste after mercury removal

“…The laboratory scale device used for the retention of mercury has been described in a previous work [50] (Fig. S1).…”

Oxygen-Rich Porous Carbon Derived from Biomass for Mercury Removal: An Experimental and Theoretical Study

“…24 The improvement in surface area is also beneficial for chloride loading, which can provide more active sites for Hg 0 adsorption. 25 Antunã-Nieto et al 26 prepared activated carbon foam loaded with gold for Hg 0 removal, and they found that the activated carbon foam possessing excellent textural properties was a fine support for gold loading, which was favorable to Hg 0 adsorption. Yang et al 27 suggested that activated carbon fiber with a large surface area was beneficial for the good dispersion of iron−manganese binary oxide particles, which favored Hg 0 adsorption.…”