A carbon nanotube–polymer composite for T-cell therapy

Fadel, Tarek R.; Sharp, Fiona A.; Vudattu, Nalini; Ragheb, Ragy; Garyu, Justin; Kim, Dongin; Hong, Enping; Li, Nan; Haller, Gary L.; Pfefferle, Lisa D.; Justesen, Sune; Herold, Kevan C.; Fahmy, Tarek M.

doi:10.1038/nnano.2014.154

Cited by 211 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Recently, Fadel et al 112 proposed a CNT-polymer composite that can act as an artificial antigen-presenting cell (APC) to efficiently expand T-cells. Antigens were attached to bundled CNTs, and this CNT complex was combined with polymer NPs containing magnetite and the T-cell growth factor IL-2.…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes as cancer therapeutic carriers and mediators

Son¹,

Hong²,

Lee³

2016

IJN

228

106

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have received increasing attention in biomedical fields because of their unique structures and properties, including high aspect ratios, large surface areas, rich surface chemical functionalities, and size stability on the nanoscale. Particularly, they are attractive as carriers and mediators for cancer therapy. Through appropriate functionalization, CNTs have been used as nanocarriers for anticancer drugs including doxorubicin, camptothecin, carboplatin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, Pt(II), and Pt(IV), and genes including plasmid DNA, small-interfering RNA, oligonucleotides, and RNA/DNA aptamers. CNTs can also deliver proteins and immunotherapy components. Using combinations of light energy, they have also been applied as mediators for photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy to directly destroy cancer cells without severely damaging normal tissue. If limitations such as a long-term cytotoxicity in the body, lack of size uniformity during the synthetic process, loading deviations for drug–CNT complexes, and release controllability at the target point are overcome, CNTs will become one of the strongest tools that are available for various other biomedical fields as well as for cancer therapy.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon nanotubes as cancer therapeutic carriers and mediators

Son¹,

Hong²,

Lee³

2016

IJN

228

106

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“…Fan et al [13] haveconfirmed that intracranial CNT-CpG therapy blocked subcutaneous melanomas. Recently, Fadel et al [14] attached antigens to bundled CNTs (CNTpolymer composite). This CNT complex was conjugated with polymer NPs containing magnetite with T-cell growth factor IL-2.…”

Section: The "Longboat" Anticancer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas, PEG-SWCNTs with glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related receptor GITR ligands were internalized by Treg through receptor-mediated endocytosis and conveyed into the cytoplasm/nucleus cytoplasm and nucleus ex vivo and in vivo [17]. Recently, Fadel et al [14] demonstrated that T-cells suppressed tumor growth. asntigens were combined to bundled CNTs (CNT-polymer composite) and this CNT complex was attached to polymer NPs that contains magnetite and the T-cell growth factor IL-2.…”

Section: T-cell (Treg)-specific Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Mechanical Engineering Applications in Medicine & Biology

Belhadj

Boudjemaa

2017

mèd technologies J.

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Background: Mechanics is an area of science dealing with the behavior of physical bodies (solids and fluids) undergoing action of forces, it comprised of statics, kinetics, and kinematics. The advances and research in Applied Mechanics has wide application in almost fields of study including medicine and biology. In this paper, the relationship between mechanical engineering and medicine and biological sciences is investigated based on its application in these two sacred fields. Some emergent mechanical techniques applied in medical sciences and practices are presented. Methods: Emerging applications of mechanical engineering in medical and biological sciences are presented and investigated including: biomechanics, nanomechanics and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Results: This review article presents some recent advances of mechanical engineering applications in medicine and biology. Specifically, this work focuses on three major subjects of interests: Biomechanics that is increasingly being recognized as an important application of mechanical fundamentals in biomedical and biological sciences and practices, biomechanics can play a crucial role in both injury prevention as well as performance enhancement of living systems.  Novel techniques of nanomechanics including: Carbon nanotubes applications in therapy, DNA recognition, immunology, and antiviral resistance. Nanorobotics that combines between nanotechnology, mechanics and new biomaterials to design and develop nanorobots based bacteria and biochips; these nanoscale robots can be involved in biomedical applications, particularly for the treatment of cancer, cerebral aneurysm treatment, kidney stones removal surgery, treatment of pathology, elimination of defected parts in the DNA structure, and some other treatments to save human lives.  Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools that contribute on the understanding of blood flows, human organs dynamics and surgical options simulation. Conclusion: Recent advances of mechanical applications in medicine and biology are carried out in this review, such as biomechanics, nanomechanics and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). As perspectives, mechanical scholars and engineers can involve these cited applications in their researches to solve many problems and issues that doctors and biologists cannot.

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“…Finally, a CNT-polymer composite has been designed and used as artificial antigen-presenting cell substrate for expanding T-cells [75]. The stimulation of T-cells against tumor targets is one of the Table 2 Description of the different approaches developed for the capture and separation of cells using magnetic CNMs, and for molecular delivery and extraction and cellular probing using magnetic CNT-based devices.…”

Section: Capture and Separation Of Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%