A carboxylated nanodiamond reduces oxidative stress and shows no sign of toxicity in yeast

Nanodiamond Particles Reduce Oxidative Stress Induced by Methyl Viologen and High Light in the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

“…Most likely, the mechanism of the observed hND-mediated protection is related to the mitigation of oxidative stress through ROS quenching and free radical scavenging. A similar mode of action has been proposed in various studies demonstrating the radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of differently functionalised NDs (mainly via mild oxidation) in red blood cells [ 4 ], soybean oil [ 25 , 26 ], yeast cells [ 18 ], in sunscreen formulations [ 24 ], among others.…”

“…Raw NDs failed to induce toxic effects in neuroblastoma cells and macrophages at concentrations of 25–100 μg/mL, unlike the other carbon allotropes used in the same study, such as carbon black, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes [ 2 ]. Similar high biocompatibility, lack of toxicity, and no generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have also been observed for NDs with different (-COOH, -COONa, -SO 3 Na) functional groups [ 16 ] and for hydroxylated NDs [ 17 ] in human cell lines, and carboxylated NDs in yeast cells [ 18 ]. Most of the scientific literature dealing with ND bio-applications confirms that the NDs are highly compatible with biomolecules and are not toxic to eukaryotic cells.…”

“…The ND surface chemistry is also responsible for the ability of the nanoparticles to promote the reduction of oxygen species [ 23 ]. The antioxidant activity and radical scavenging potential of NDs have been attributed to the numerous functional groups (mainly -OH and -COOH) and abundant C=C bonds on the ND surface [ 4 , 18 , 24 , 25 ]. The degree of UV-mediated lipid peroxidation and consequent aldehyde formation in soybean oil enriched with hydroxylated NDs was lower than in pure oil or oil enriched with non-modified nanoparticles [ 25 ].…”

“…The radical scavenging ability of hydrated carboxylated NDs was demonstrated in red blood cells and water under γ-irradiation [ 4 ]. Moreover, carboxylated NDs improved cell viability and lowered ROS accumulation in yeast cells under oxidative stress induced by H 2 O 2 addition [ 18 ]. A growing number of studies are currently focusing on detonation NDs as long-lasting and stable antioxidants, which further expands the field of material applications towards cosmetics and smart packaging [ 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Noninvasive Nanodiamond Skin Permeation Profiling Using a Phase Analysis Method: Ex Vivo Experiments

“…7 Among the allotropes of carbon-based NPs suitable for biotechnology, nanodiamonds (NDs) are especially interesting for skin delivery and topical treatments. This is due to particular properties that NDs hold: they have a reactive oxygen species scavenging effect, 8 they have a photostabilizing activity, 9 and they can act as drug reservoirs on the skin or within the skin tissues. 10,11 In order to move toward a NDs-based transdermal or topical delivery of drugs, it is important to understand the NDs−tissue interaction.…”