A Case Control Study of Diabetes During Pregnancy and Low Milk Supply

Riddle, Sarah; Nommsen‐Rivers, Laurie

doi:10.1089/bfm.2015.0120

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Furthermore, our study supports other findings that showed poor breastfeeding outcomes for mothers with gestational diabetes [47,48], although our study was the first, to our knowledge, to adjust for child birthweight, maternal BMI, and maternal age at pregnancy [48]. Our results suggest that factors other than those relating to correctly positioning the infant might come into play; Mothers with gestational diabetes may worry more about the infant's health, experience low milk supply, or delayed lactogenesis [47,49], which may adversely affect breastfeeding initiation. Our study did not find a significant association between maternal GDM and breastfeeding duration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Associated with Higher Child BMI Z-Score at Preschool and Lower Likelihood of Breastfeeding Initiation

Mosli

Allahyani

Najjar

et al. 2018

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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Objectives: To examine the association of maternal GDM with 1) child BMI z-score at preschool; 2) breastfeeding initiation and duration, while adjusting for child birthweight in addition to potential confounders. Method: Sample included 53 children (3-5 years old) recruited from two preschools in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Mothers completed a self-administered questionnaire. Child anthropometry was completed using standardized procedures. BMI z-scores were calculated using the WHO standards/reference data. Linear regression models were tested to examine the association between maternal GDM and child BMI z-score, as well as breastfeeding duration. Logistic regression models were tested to examine the association between maternal GDM and breastfeeding initiation. Models were adjusted for child birthweight, maternal BMI, and maternal age at pregnancy. Results: Mean child BMI z-score was 1.10 (SD= 1.22). About one quarter (24.5%) of mothers reported being diagnosed with GDM. Mean birthweight of children whose mothers were diagnosed with GDM was 3.10 kg (SD= 0.74). Adjusting for covariates, we found that maternal GDM was associated with increased child BMI z-score (B= 1.04, 95% CI= 0.14-1.94, P-value= 0.02), and lower odds of breastfeeding initiation (OR= 0.10, 95% CI= 0.02-0.49, P-value= 0.005). Maternal GDM was not associated with breastfeeding duration (B=-4.75, 95% CI:-11.79-2.29, P-value= 0.18). Conclusion: Findings suggest that maternal GDM is associated with higher child BMI z-score at preschool and lower likelihood of breastfeeding initiation. Studies are needed in order to identify the underlying mechanisms of associations. Obesity prevention programs may target children whose mothers were diagnosed with GDM; prenatal breastfeeding counseling may be offered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Associated with Higher Child BMI Z-Score at Preschool and Lower Likelihood of Breastfeeding Initiation

Mosli

Allahyani

Najjar

et al. 2018

Int. J. Child Health Nutr.

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“…Women with type 1 diabetes also discontinue breastfeeding at a higher rate during the first week postpartum (191)(192)(193). Overall, women with any form of diabetes during pregnancy have more nursing difficulties with lower milk supply than women without diabetes (194). However, once established, lactation persists and duration is similar in mothers with and without diabetes (190,195).…”

Section: Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and Pregnancy

Feig¹,

Berger²,

Donovan³

et al. 2018

Canadian Journal of Diabetes

249

169

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All women with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes should receive preconception care to optimize glycemic control, assess for complications, review medications and begin folic acid supplementation.• All pregnant women without known pre-existing diabetes should be screened for gestational diabetes between 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy • If you were diagnosed with gestational diabetes during your pregnancy, it is important to:• Breastfeed immediately after birth and for a minimum of 4 months in order to prevent hypoglycemia in your newborn, obesity in childhood, and diabetes for both you and your childConflict of interest statements can be found on page S274.Can J Diabetes 42 (2018) S255-S282

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“…Gestational diabetes, on the other hand, may negatively impact BF initiation with an effect on mammary development and milk production. Emerging evidence connect different levels of glucose intolerance with poor development of mammary glands during pregnancy [ 46 , 47 ], delayed onset of lactogenesis [ 48 , 49 ], and reduced milk production in early and mature lactation [ 50 , 51 ]. This delayed milk production is thought to be a result of protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type F overexpression in the mammary gland caused by decreased insulin sensitivity [ 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes interaction on delayed breastfeeding initiation

Pinheiro

Goldani

2018

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundCumulative evidence indicates an association between maternal overweight and gestational diabetes with delayed breastfeeding initiation; however, the presence of both conditions simultaneously has been little explored. This study aims to investigate the interaction between maternal overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes on breastfeeding initiation.MethodsThis study comprises data from the IVAPSA Birth Cohort, a prospective follow-up of mothers and their newborns. Two of the five groups from IVAPSA were evaluated, considering women with and without gestational diabetes. These women were further categorized according to their pre-pregnancy body mass index as normal weight or overweight/obese.Results219 women were evaluated, 53.4% of them had pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and 32% had gestational diabetes. Most women were able to initiate breastfeeding within 12 hours from delivery (92.7%) and only eight (3.7%) women had not breastfed in the first 24 hours postpartum. Of these, seven were overweight/obese (77.8%) and five had gestational diabetes (66.7%), with four of them having overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes concomitantly. Women with both adverse conditions had an adjusted relative risk of delayed breastfeeding initiation of 1.072 (95% CI 1.006; 1.141), p = 0.032.ConclusionsThe results indicate an additive interaction between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes on delayed breastfeeding initiation.

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A Case Control Study of Diabetes During Pregnancy and Low Milk Supply

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Associated with Higher Child BMI Z-Score at Preschool and Lower Likelihood of Breastfeeding Initiation

Maternal Gestational Diabetes Associated with Higher Child BMI Z-Score at Preschool and Lower Likelihood of Breastfeeding Initiation

Diabetes and Pregnancy

Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes interaction on delayed breastfeeding initiation

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